{"id":65796,"date":"2003-11-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-11-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2003\/11\/16\/la-contestation-anti-sharon-devient-significative\/"},"modified":"2003-11-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2003-11-16T00:00:00","slug":"la-contestation-anti-sharon-devient-significative","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2003\/11\/16\/la-contestation-anti-sharon-devient-significative\/","title":{"rendered":"La contestation anti-Sharon devient significative<\/em><\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

La contestation anti-Sharon devient significative<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\t16 novembre 2003 Face \u00e0 Ariel Sharon, la gauche isra\u00e9lienne n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 loin de montrer l’attitude des d\u00e9mocrates am\u00e9ricains face \u00e0 GW ; de m\u00eame, de la part d’une bonne partie des intellectuels occidentaux et, le plus souvent, de la diaspora<\/em> juive, malgr\u00e9 des opinions lib\u00e9rales compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rentes de celles du Premier ministre isra\u00e9lien. Le r\u00e9flexe national autant que le r\u00e9flexe de solidarit\u00e9 juive ont formidablement aid\u00e9 un homme dont chacun ne devrait pas ignorer qu’il est, par ailleurs, un militaire d’extr\u00eame-droite brutal et sans beaucoup de nuances.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tAutre chose est la contestation qui se d\u00e9veloppe et prend des dimensions importantes, en Isra\u00ebl m\u00eame, au sein de l’appareil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale. La derni\u00e8re attaque anti-Sharon est d’une puissance extraordinaire, puisqu’elle est le fait de quatre anciens chefs de Shin Bet<\/em>, le puissant service de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 isra\u00e9lien, notamment charg\u00e9 de la lutte anti-terroriste. A eux quatre, ces hommes repr\u00e9sentent une somme d’exp\u00e9rience et d’engagement dans la lutte anti-terroriste qui donne toute sa puissance \u00e0 l’intervention :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Avraham Shalom a conduit ce service de 1980 \u00e0 1986.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Yaakov Perry l’a men\u00e9 de 1988 \u00e0 1995, lors notamment de la premi\u00e8re intifada<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Carmi Gillon l’a men\u00e9 de 1995 \u00e0 1996.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Le Major G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Ami Ayalon l’a men\u00e9 de 1996 \u00e0 2000, et il s’est rendu c\u00e9l\u00e8bre depuis par des p\u00e9titions en faveur de la paix et d’une approche n\u00e9goci\u00e9e du probl\u00e8me palestinien.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tLes critiques des quatre hommes sont radicales. Elles portent sur la forme de la politique suivie par Sharon face aux Palestiniens, c’est-\u00e0-dire sur la question essentielle, voire unique, \u00e0 compter aujourd’hui dans le d\u00e9bat politique isra\u00e9lien. Le Washington Post rapporte de cette fa\u00e7on<\/a> ce qui est largement plus qu’un incident, ce qui est d\u00e9sormais un fait politique majeur :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\t\u00ab The four, who variously headed the Shin Bet security agency from 1980 to 2000 under governments that spanned the political spectrum, said that Israel must end its occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, that the government should recognize that no peace agreement can be reached without the involvement of the Palestinian leader, Yasser Arafat, and that it must stop what one called the immoral treatment of Palestinians.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb We must once and for all admit that there is another side, that it has feelings and that it is suffering, and that we are behaving disgracefully, said Avraham Shalom, who headed the security service from 1980 until 1986. Yes, there is no other word for it: disgracefully. . . . We have turned into a people of petty fighters using the wrong tools.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t(…)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb The former security chiefs said they agreed to the two-hour interview the first time the four have ever sat down together out of serious concern for the condition of the state of Israel, according to Carmi Gillon, who ran Shin Bet in 1995 and 1996. Maj. Gen. Ami Ayalon, who headed the agency from 1996 until 2000 and is co-author of a peace petition signed by tens of thousands of Israelis and Palestinians, said: We are taking sure and measured steps to a point where the state of Israel will no longer be a democracy and a home for the Jewish people.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb Shin Bet is Israel’s dominant domestic security and intelligence service, with primary responsibility for the country’s anti-terrorism efforts. It often plans and directs armed forces operations that support its own activities, including raids into Palestinian towns and villages in search of alleged terrorists, assassinations of suspected militants and interrogation of suspects. The current Shin Bet chief, Avi Dichter, is one of Sharon’s most trusted and influential advisers, according to administration officials.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tL’effet de cette prise de position explosive des quatre anciens chefs de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est d’autant plus grand qu’elle vient apr\u00e8s de graves incidents, en Isra\u00ebl, entre des personnalit\u00e9s ou\/et des officiers et des soldats de l’arm\u00e9e, et le pouvoir. Les deux principaux enregistr\u00e9s ces derniers temps sont les suivants :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Un refus collectif de pilotes de l’arm\u00e9e de l’air d’effectuer des missions dites d’assassinats<\/a>. Cette affaire, qui s’est produite en septembre, a eu d’autant plus de retentissement que les pilotes isra\u00e9liens constituent l’\u00e9lite de l’arm\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• A la fin octobre, le chef d’\u00e9tat-major de Tsahal<\/em>, le Lieutenant G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Moshe Ya’alon, attaquait la politique Sharon dans une interview au journal Haaretz<\/em>. Il s’agit d’une action sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de la part d’un chef d’\u00e9tat-major g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, qui peut \u00eatre ainsi r\u00e9sum\u00e9e<\/a> :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\t\u00ab Israel’s army chief has exposed deep divisions between the military and Ariel Sharon by branding the government’s hardline treatment of Palestinian civilians counter-productive and saying that the policy intensifies hatred and strengthens the terror organisations. Lieutenant-General Moshe Ya’alon also told Israeli journalists in an off-the-record briefing that the army was opposed to the route of the security fence through the West Bank. The government also contributed to the fall of the former Palestinian prime minister, Mahmoud Abbas, by offering only \u00a0\u00bbstingy\u00a0\u00bb support for his attempts to end the conflict, he said.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tSi l’on suit bien tous ces d\u00e9bats, toutes ces interventions aussi extraordinaires les unes que les autres, on comprend qu’ils constituent l’expression d’un sentiment de plus en plus majoritaire au sein des forces arm\u00e9es. Dans le Sunday Herald du 2 novembre<\/a>, Robert Tait r\u00e9sumait le sentiment g\u00e9n\u00e9ral par cette question \u00ab Is Israel losing its army?<\/em> \u00bb, suivie de ce commentaire : \u00ab With pilots refusing to attack Palestine, the top brass briefing against hard-line policies and outrage at conscription, the Israeli army is at crisis point.<\/em> \u00bb L’affaire des quatre chefs de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 int\u00e9rieure ne fait que renforcer ce sentiment. L’impression est alors qu’Isra\u00ebl semble suivre une ligne parall\u00e8le \u00e0 celle que suit l’administration GW \u00e0 Washington : m\u00eame type de gouvernement ill\u00e9gitime, favoris\u00e9 par les circonstances ; m\u00eame politique, m\u00eame crise de cette politique…<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tPour Isra\u00ebl, c’est bien clair : la seule contestation efficace du gouvernement Sharon ne peut venir que de cette puissante force qu’est l’arm\u00e9e et, d’une fa\u00e7on plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, le monde de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de ces deux derniers mois sont significatifs : ils montrent que ce gouvernement et cette politique sont au terme de leur logique utile, voire de leur simple n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 politique.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La contestation anti-Sharon devient significative 16 novembre 2003 Face \u00e0 Ariel Sharon, la gauche isra\u00e9lienne n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 loin de montrer l’attitude des d\u00e9mocrates am\u00e9ricains face \u00e0 GW ; de m\u00eame, de la part d’une bonne partie des intellectuels occidentaux et, le plus souvent, de la diaspora juive, malgr\u00e9 des opinions lib\u00e9rales compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rentes de… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65796","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65796"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65796\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}