{"id":65937,"date":"2004-04-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-04-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2004\/04\/16\/vive-lentente-cordiale-revigoree\/"},"modified":"2004-04-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2004-04-16T00:00:00","slug":"vive-lentente-cordiale-revigoree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2004\/04\/16\/vive-lentente-cordiale-revigoree\/","title":{"rendered":"Vive l&rsquo;Entente Cordiale revigor\u00e9e?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><h2 class=\"titleset_a.deepblue\" style=\"color:#0f3955;font-size:2em;\">Vive l&rsquo;Entente Cordiale r\u00e9actualis\u00e9e ?<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>16 avril 2004 &mdash;Un commentaire du chroniqueur britannique Timothy Garton Ash, <a class=\"gen\" href=\"http:\/\/politics.guardian.co.uk\/foreignaffairs\/comment\/0,11538,1192200,00.html\">dans le Guardian du 15 avril<\/a>, doit retenir toute notre attention. Il s&rsquo;agit non seulement du contenu, pourtant fort int\u00e9ressant en lui-m\u00eame, mais aussi du moment choisi (la rencontre Bush-Blair) et du climat qui se d\u00e9veloppe aujourd&rsquo;hui (aussi bien \u00e0 Londres qu&rsquo;en Europe, dans les rencontres officieuses).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Un constat de d\u00e9part, une sorte d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de la situation structurelle de notre monde occidental est que, jamais sans doute, pour ce qui est de cette rencontre (Bush-Blair) et des implications \u00e9videntes qui l&rsquo;accompagnent, les proclamations officielles claironnantes n&rsquo;auront \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi \u00e9loign\u00e9es d&rsquo;une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 extr\u00eamement incertaine.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Mais attachons-nous d&rsquo;abord \u00e0 Garton Ash. Dans son article, intitul\u00e9 &laquo; <em> The French connection &mdash; With Iraq in chaos, we need a new entente cordiale and President Kerry in the White House<\/em> &raquo;, il d\u00e9veloppe plusieurs th\u00e8mes qui s&rsquo;encha&icirc;nent pour former une logique conduisant <em>de facto<\/em> \u00e0 ce que certains pourraient identifier comme un renversement d&rsquo;alliances.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&bull; D&rsquo;abord, une rapide analyse de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e. Blair avait peut-\u00eatre raison dans les principes, dit Garton Ash, mais c&rsquo;est Chirac qui, finalement, a raison dans les faits. L&rsquo;analyse par Garton Ash de la position fran\u00e7aise au d\u00e9part n&rsquo;est pas satisfaisante mais peu importe. L\u00e0 n&rsquo;est pas le propos. Le propos est bien la conclusion que Garton Ash tire de cette rapide analyse :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"normal\" style=\"font-size:1.05em;\">\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>The invasion of Iraq was, as Talleyrand remarked in another context, \u00ab\u00a0worse than a crime; it was a mistake\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em> &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><p>&bull; Blair rencontre GW Bush aujourd&rsquo;hui. Garton Ash lui conseille de ne rien attendre de cette rencontre, de limiter sa rh\u00e9torique h\u00e9ro\u00efque sur la guerre en Irak, de cesser de soutenir une administration qui a commis une si colossale erreur, de s&rsquo;int\u00e9resser plut\u00f4t \u00e0 John Kerry, ouvertement s&rsquo;il le faut.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"normal\" style=\"font-size:1.05em;\">\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>&hellip;A cool analysis suggests that, with the possible exception of trade policy, Kerry is a much better transatlantic partner for the kind of liberal internationalism which Blair represents. He should, therefore, do everything he can to ensure that he is not in any way recruited or suborned to be a cheerleader to the Bush campaign.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&raquo; <em>Abandoning the excesses of moralistic \u00ab\u00a0war on terror\u00a0\u00bb rhetoric is one way he can avoid that danger. Another, quixotic though this may sound, is to put in some good public words for the French. For one of the minor nationalist absurdities of the Republican campaign is that John Kerry is being targeted for speaking French. The Republican house majority leader begins his speeches: \u00ab\u00a0Hi, or, as John Kerry might say, bonjour \u00ab\u00a0. \u00ab\u00a0Monsieur Kerry\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0Jean Cheri\u00a0\u00bb has even been accused by Bush&rsquo;s commerce secretary of looking French. Quelle horreur! Of course, making jokes about the French is an old Anglo-Saxon pastime, to which Americans were for a long time actually much less susceptible than the English. Yet today, a French-speaking American president is precisely what Britain needs, what Europe needs, and, in fact, what America itself needs, to repair the damage done by the blundering unilateralism of the Bush administration.<\/em> &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><p>&bull; En effet, on en vient aux Fran\u00e7ais. Globalement, observe Garton Ash, les Fran\u00e7ais ont eu raison \u00e0 100% dans cette affaire. C&rsquo;est un argument non n\u00e9gligeable pour qu&rsquo;on envisage de se rapprocher d&rsquo;eux.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&bull; En fonction de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution aux USA et des recommandations qu&rsquo;il a \u00e9nonc\u00e9es ci-dessus, Garton Ash estime que la politique \u00e9vidente pour le Royaume-Uni est un rapprochement de l&rsquo;Europe, et du pays qui, en Europe, a le mieux affirm\u00e9 la juste position face \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9volution am\u00e9ricaine. Il se trouve qu&rsquo;avec ce pays, la France, le Royaume-Uni a des liens naturels et une tendance \u00e0 chercher aujourd&rsquo;hui des voies strat\u00e9giques communes. C&rsquo;est dans cette direction qu&rsquo;il faut aller, celle d&rsquo;une Entente Cordiale revivifi\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"normal\" style=\"font-size:1.05em;\">\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>And so to dessert. Beyond the ceremonial, the mutual lifestyle celebration, and the Queen speaking her terribly English French, what future for a new entente cordiale between France and Britain? The answer should be: a great deal. It&rsquo;s difficult to think of a single issue on which Europe can make much of a difference in the world unless these two countries reach an understanding. On several, they represent two extreme positions within Europe. And on many, the right position for Europe to take is somewhere in between those of London and Paris. That has been true for most of the nearly two years of the Iraq crisis, during which so much else of greater value could have been done. It&rsquo;s true, most importantly, of our relations with the United States. Only a stronger Europe can speak as a serious partner to the hyperpower.<\/em> &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><p>&bull; Au bout du compte, estime Garton Ash, et ce sont pratiquement les derni\u00e8res phrases de sa r\u00e9flexion, la formule est la matrice d&rsquo;une &laquo; <em>stronger Europe<\/em> &raquo;, la seule qui puisse &laquo; <em>parler \u00e0 l&rsquo;hyperpuissance en partenaire s\u00e9rieux<\/em> &raquo;. On mesure combien, parlant d&rsquo;une &laquo; <em>stronger Europe<\/em> &raquo;, on n&rsquo;est pas loin de parler de l'\u00a0\u00bbEurope-puissance\u00a0\u00bb. On mesure aussi combien dans ce sch\u00e9ma, l&rsquo;alliance europ\u00e9enne est privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;alliance am\u00e9ricaine. (Point important : si Garton Ash, \u00e9ditorialiste influent, s&rsquo;est toujours montr\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9ment europ\u00e9en, il a toujours pris garde \u00e0 recommander d&rsquo;entretenir une puissante relation avec les USA.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3 class=\"subtitleset_b.deepblue\" style=\"color:#0f3955;font-size:1.65em;font-variant:small-caps;\">Une triste rencontre Bush-Blair <\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>La rencontre entre Bush et Blair, aujourd&rsquo;hui aux USA, est accompagn\u00e9e de nombre de commentaires, au Royaume-Uni, qui montrent un pas de plus dans la r\u00e9flexion critique. Il n&rsquo;est plus tant question aujourd&rsquo;hui de critiquer le comportement am\u00e9ricain que de faire, \u00e0 partir de cette critique, une analyse critique des relations entre les USA et le Royaume-Uni. C&rsquo;est une \u00e9volution importante lorsque, d&rsquo;une critique n\u00e9gative et passive (m\u00eame si n\u00e9cessaire et justifi\u00e9e) d&rsquo;une situation ext\u00e9rieure, on passe \u00e0 la mise en cause active d&rsquo;une situation qui vous concerne. Nous arrivons au c&oelig;ur du probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>En plus des critiques d&rsquo;\u00e9ditorialistes et de commentateurs, <a class=\"gen\" href=\"http:\/\/politics.guardian.co.uk\/iraq\/story\/0,12956,1191722,00.html\">les prises de position officielles des lib\u00e9raux<\/a>, parti politique d\u00e9sormais important dans le monde politique britannique, sont notables. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une demande formelle adress\u00e9e au gouvernement de modifier la politique des rapports du Royaume-Uni avec les Etats-Unis. Il y a encore des critiques venues d&rsquo;organismes r\u00e9put\u00e9s, <a class=\"gen\" href=\"http:\/\/news.independent.co.uk\/uk\/politics\/story.jsp?story=511264\">comme celles de l&rsquo;institut IPPR<\/a>, reprochant \u00e0 Blair de compromettre l&rsquo;image humanitaire du Royaume-Uni \u00e0 cause de ses liens avec les USA : comme, hier, on vous recommandait de n&rsquo;avoir pas de liens trop visibles avec l&rsquo;URSS.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"normal\" style=\"font-size:1.05em;\">\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>Mr Blair suffered a further rebuff as an influential think tank said that British and US foreign policy was preventing Britain from halting human rights abuses around the world. In a report out today, the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) warned that the war in Iraq and the detention of terror suspects at Guantanamo Bay limited Britain&rsquo;s ability to influence states with poor human rights records.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&raquo; <em>The report by David Mepham, who was special adviser to Clare Short, the former Secretary of State for International Development, said Britain was more likely to ignore human rights abuses by powerful allies than smaller nations. He said: \u00ab\u00a0Keeping close to the US has muted UK Government criticism of US policy in Guantanamo Bay.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&raquo; <em>\u00ab\u00a0UK support for the policies of President Bush has also damaged relations with some EU partners, many Arab and Islamic countries, and with parts of the developing world. This will potentially make it harder for the UK to gain support for human rights initiatives.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><p>Il y a m\u00eame des mises en cause personnelles, ce qui est rare et mesure le degr\u00e9 d&rsquo;exasp\u00e9ration. <a class=\"gen\" href=\"http:\/\/politics.guardian.co.uk\/foreignaffairs\/comment\/0,11538,1193166,00.html\">Le commentaire de Jonathan Freedland<\/a> est impressionnant \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. Il met l&rsquo;accent sur l&rsquo;humiliation que constitue l&rsquo;affirmation du soutien \u00e0 100% de Bush \u00e0 Sharon la veille de la rencontre de Bush-Blair. C&rsquo;est un probl\u00e8me d\u00e9licat pour Blair, qui a toujours affirm\u00e9 que son soutien \u00e0 la guerre contre l&rsquo;Irak s&rsquo;accompagnait de concessions US pour soutenir un processus juste dans la crise isra\u00e9lo-palestinienne. Cette affirmation ne vaut plus rien du tout aujourd&rsquo;hui.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Voici ce que dit Freedland de la politique US, de la position de Blair et de la r\u00e9action de Blair. Aujourd&rsquo;hui, c&rsquo;est triste \u00e0 dire, on en vient \u00e0 m\u00e9priser Tony Blair, qui n&rsquo;a m\u00eame plus &laquo; <em>his own self-respect<\/em> &raquo;.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"normal\" style=\"font-size:1.05em;\">\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>This is a break not only from Bush&rsquo;s own road map &mdash; which called for a negotiated rather than imposed settlement &mdash; but also from 37 years of US policy, under both Democratic and Republican administrations. It confirms the extent to which Bush&rsquo;s is the aberrant presidency, a period future historians will marvel at as a rupture from all that had gone before. The abandonment of even the attempt to appear to be an honest broker in the Middle East, along with the doctrines of pre-emptive war and unilateralism, are departures from the post-1945 US consensus with no precedent.<\/em> (&hellip;)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&raquo; <em>Harder to fathom is why Tony Blair should go along with such a shift. He persuaded a reluctant parliamentary Labour party to vote for war on Iraq last year with the promise that he would push Bush to act on Israel-Palestine. His reward was the much-delayed publication of the road map, which was hardly a great triumph: merely a set of toothless guidelines and a hoped-for timetable. Now even that is in shreds, and yet Blair smiles and takes it, welcoming Bush&rsquo;s green light to Sharon as a positive \u00ab\u00a0opportunity\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&raquo; <em>It&rsquo;s beginning to look humiliating for Blair &mdash; the one promise he extracted for his dogged fidelity in Iraq trampled on so publicly. You would think now would be the moment for Blair to show some daylight between himself and Bush, if only for his own self-respect. Will that happen today in Washington? Don&rsquo;t bet on it.<\/em> &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vive l&rsquo;Entente Cordiale r\u00e9actualis\u00e9e ? 16 avril 2004 &mdash;Un commentaire du chroniqueur britannique Timothy Garton Ash, dans le Guardian du 15 avril, doit retenir toute notre attention. Il s&rsquo;agit non seulement du contenu, pourtant fort int\u00e9ressant en lui-m\u00eame, mais aussi du moment choisi (la rencontre Bush-Blair) et du climat qui se d\u00e9veloppe aujourd&rsquo;hui (aussi bien&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[3740,705,868,1382,3739],"class_list":["post-65937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires","tag-ash","tag-blair","tag-bush","tag-freedland","tag-garton"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65937"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65937\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}