{"id":65944,"date":"2004-04-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-04-22T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2004\/04\/22\/la-dramatique-dissolution-de-laventure-irakienne-et-de-la-coalition\/"},"modified":"2004-04-22T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2004-04-22T00:00:00","slug":"la-dramatique-dissolution-de-laventure-irakienne-et-de-la-coalition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2004\/04\/22\/la-dramatique-dissolution-de-laventure-irakienne-et-de-la-coalition\/","title":{"rendered":"La dramatique dissolution de l’aventure irakienne (et de la coalition)<\/em><\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

La dramatique dissolution de l’aventure irakienne (et de la coalition)<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

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\t22 avril 2004 L’aventure irakienne des Etats-Unis qui, il y a un an, \u00e9tait salu\u00e9e dans la fi\u00e8vre d’une victoire bien rapidement acquise, se dissout dans un d\u00e9sordre que les critiques les plus radicaux de cette aventure n’imaginaient pas. Ce qui est d\u00e9sormais remarquable est la rapidit\u00e9 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements sur le plan politique :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Le plan des \u00e9v\u00e9nements eux-m\u00eames o\u00f9, en un mois, les Am\u00e9ricains ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 d\u00e9clencher des mouvements politiques d’une profondeur et d’une puissance inattendues. Le plus important \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard est sans aucun doute l’apparition d’un nationalisme irakien<\/a>, avec le rapprochement entre sunnites et chiites. (Lisez \u00e0 ce propos le texte plein d’une ironie am\u00e8re de Mona Eltahawy, \u00ab Why the Arab world can thank Bush<\/em> \u00bb, dans The International Herald Tribune du 21 avril<\/a>. Sur l’\u00e9mergence du nationalisme en Irak, le texte de William Pfaff, \u00ab New nationalism that unites Iraq<\/em> \u00bb, publi\u00e9 dans The Observer du 12 avril<\/a> est une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence n\u00e9cessaire.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Le plan politique ext\u00e9rieur, avec le vacillement de la coalition qui ne cesse de s’affirmer au gr\u00e9 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements. Un peu partout, nous avons des signes de cette situation, comme les d\u00e9clarations du Premier ministre tha\u00eflandais<\/a> annon\u00e7ant que les soldats tha\u00eflandais seraient retir\u00e9s s’ils sont attaqu\u00e9s ( \u00ab We are giving priority to the safety of the soldiers. Once our soldiers are attacked, or being harmed, we will take them back. We are there to help. But if our soldiers are getting killed why should we continue to stay?<\/em> \u00bb).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t• Un point important dans la situation de la coalition concerne l’h\u00e9sitation d\u00e9sormais affich\u00e9e de la Pologne<\/a>, membre important des points de vue symbolique et politique (notamment \u00e0 cause des r\u00e9percussions de cette position polonaise sur les relations Europe-USA). Reuters signale ceci :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\t\u00ab Poland said on Wednesday it was reviewing its position in Iraq but would not pull its troops out suddenly or without Washington’s approval.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb We cannot turn a blind eye to the fact that Spain and others are leaving, Prime Minister Leszek Miller, who stands down on May 2, told a news conference. I cannot say when we will leave (Iraq), but I’m sure the new prime minister will say something more precise.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb He said his successor Marek Belka would map out a strategy for the troops in his first policy speech next month.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\t• Un autre aspect important est la position de la Turquie, dont il fut question en septembre-octobre dernier qu’elle participe \u00e0 la coalition, et qui ne le fit pas \u00e0 cause de la maladresse am\u00e9ricaine<\/a>. Les Turcs ont r\u00e9cemment \u00e0 nouveau indiqu\u00e9 leur position, cette fois pour repousser toute id\u00e9e de d\u00e9ploiement<\/a>. Il est int\u00e9ressant de voir que, dans leurs commentaires, les dirigeants turcs n’h\u00e9sitent pas \u00e0 mettre en cause l’aspect culturel du comportement am\u00e9ricain, comme une des causes essentielles de la d\u00e9gradation de la situation.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\t\u00ab During the autumn of 2003, Turkey agreed to send 10,000 troops to Iraq to help promote stabilization. <\/em>() At the last moment, however, the deployment plans fell apart, mainly because of opposition from members of Iraq’s provisional governing council, in particular its Kurdish members. At the time, the United States supported the decision to cancel the deployment, citing Iraqi sensitivities.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb In recent weeks, some Bush administration backers have suggested reviving the Turkish deployment plan. However, Turkish Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul acted swiftly to shoot down any hopes that Turkish troops would be sent to Iraq. We previously proposed sending troops to tackle the spreading [violence in Iraq], Gul told reporters in Ankara on April 8. We received parliamentary approval for deployment, but this was at the time [in late 2003] seen as inappropriate. Now, sending Turkish troops is out of the question.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb During a state visit to Japan, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan confirmed Gul’s statement, adding that Turkey’s military role regarding Iraq would be limited to making Turkish bases available to US forces. In his comments to reporters, Gul implied that an American lack of understanding of socio-political conditions in Iraq was a contributing factor in the violence. We have said from the beginning that things may get messy if the culture and the structure of the region were not well known, Gul said. For this reason, we hope our suggestions, which we have been making from the start, are taken into consideration.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tCes divers \u00e9v\u00e9nements illustrent la d\u00e9gradation du cadre politique de la crise irakienne, \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la situation elle-m\u00eame. Le fait caract\u00e9ristique est l’incapacit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine d’arr\u00eater ces processus.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tLe cas de la coalition est int\u00e9ressant : le retrait espagnol offrait un mauvais pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, mais qui pouvait encore \u00eatre contenu \u00e0 cause des conditions particuli\u00e8res de la d\u00e9cision, sans rapport direct avec la situation sur le terrain ; la r\u00e9affirmation de son engagement par l’Italie pouvait contrecarrer les effets n\u00e9gatifs de la d\u00e9cision espagnole. Il \u00e9tait vital pour les Am\u00e9ricains de bloquer toute h\u00e9morragie de ce c\u00f4t\u00e9. Ils ont compl\u00e8tement \u00e9chou\u00e9, sans doute par inattention et d\u00e9sint\u00e9r\u00eat, et les h\u00e9sitations et les d\u00e9fections se poursuivent. Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements y sont certes pour beaucoup, mais il y a surtout, et c’est le fait politique important, la d\u00e9gradation d\u00e9sormais acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e de la capacit\u00e9 d’influence des Etats-Unis. Voir la Pologne envisager un possible retrait est compl\u00e8tement significatif, quand on sait les liens de ce pays avec les USA, sa position nouvelle dans l’OTAN et ainsi de suite. La crise irakienne commence \u00e0 faire sentir ses effets politiques, et ils sont redoutables.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La dramatique dissolution de l’aventure irakienne (et de la coalition) 22 avril 2004 L’aventure irakienne des Etats-Unis qui, il y a un an, \u00e9tait salu\u00e9e dans la fi\u00e8vre d’une victoire bien rapidement acquise, se dissout dans un d\u00e9sordre que les critiques les plus radicaux de cette aventure n’imaginaient pas. Ce qui est d\u00e9sormais remarquable est… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[4272,4271,2827,2613],"class_list":["post-65944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires","tag-irakien","tag-nationalisme","tag-pologne","tag-turquie"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65944"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65944\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}