17 mars 2005 — Il faut rassembler deux tr\u00e8s r\u00e9centes nouvelles pour avoir la mesure des pr\u00e9occupations actuelles de l’Am\u00e9rique \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de ses diverses \u00ab\u00a0arri\u00e8re-cours\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
• La premi\u00e8re concerne des projets de super-Fortress America<\/em>, ou \u00ab\u00a0Fortress North America<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, notamment rapport\u00e9s par le Toronto Star du 15 mars<\/a>. Le journal canadien cite une \u00e9tude pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e le 14 mars par le Council of Foreign Relations (on peut en trouver la pr\u00e9sentation sur le site du CFR<\/a>), en collaboration avec deux instituts –relais de l’influence US, le Consejo Mexicano de Asuntos Internacionales (COMEX) mexicain et le Canadian Council of Chief Executives, qui regroupe l’essentiel du big business<\/em> canadien, partisan d’un alignement complet sur Washington. Le rapport propose de constituer un v\u00e9ritable \u00ab\u00a0bloc\u00a0\u00bb \u00e9conomique et s\u00e9curitaire constitu\u00e9 du Canada, des USA et du Mexique, — \u00e0 l’image de l’Union europ\u00e9enne, mais avec un tr\u00e8s fort accent mis sur l’aspect s\u00e9curtaire et militaire, c’est-\u00e0-dire une domination compl\u00e8te des USA qui serait assur\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n « A trilateral commission yesterday unveiled a series of proposals which also urge Ottawa, Washington and Mexico City to create a high-tech, biometric security system to speed passage of law-abiding travellers across borders that would ultimately diminish in importance, much as they have in the countries of the European Union.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » The commission calls for trilateral threat-intelligence centres and would jointly train law enforcement agents in the three countries. It would also expand NORAD with an eye to Mexico’s defence and even swap bureaucrats among the countries’ respective homeland security departments.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » The report, written for the U.S.-based Council on Foreign Relations, an independent but influential organization that specializes in the study of international affairs, is the work of Canada’s former deputy prime minister John Manley, American William Weld, the former governor of Massachusetts, and Pedro Aspe, a former Mexican finance minister.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » \u00ab\u00a0The security of North America is indivisible,\u00a0\u00bb Manley said, stressing in an interview that the commission hopes to influence the trilateral summit taking place in Texas March 23.<\/em> »<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n • La seconde concerne les projets d’\u00e9limination physique de Hugo Chavez. Il ne s’agit plus seulement des affirmations du pr\u00e9sident v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lien, r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es souvent en public (la derni\u00e8re fois au d\u00e9but de la semaine, lors d’une conf\u00e9rence de presse \u00e0 son passage \u00e0 Paris). Il s’agit du t\u00e9moignage t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9, sur une chaîne anti-castriste de Miami, d’un ancien agent de la CIA. L’homme se nomme Felix Rodriguez et il est en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9 dans l’action de la CIA, contr\u00f4lant et dirigeant l’op\u00e9ration de capture par l’arm\u00e9e bolivienne de Ernesto \u00ab\u00a0Che\u00a0\u00bb Guevara en 1967 en Bolivie, puis sa liquidation.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n « In an interview on Miami’s Spanish-language channel 22, the former CIA agent Felix Rodriguez said that the U.S. government has plans to \u00ab\u00a0bring about a change in Venezuela.\u00a0\u00bb When pressed as to what type of plans these might be, Rodriguez responded that the Bush administration \u00ab\u00a0could do it with a military strike, with a plane.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » The former CIA agent’s comments were made last week, on Thursday, during the talk show of a well-known supporter of the anti-Castro movement, Maria Elvira Salazar. Rodriguez affirmed during the program, \u00ab\u00a0According to information I have about what is happening in Venezuela, it is possible that at some moment they [the Bush administration] will see itself obliged, for national security reasons and because of problems they have in Colombia, to implement a series of measures that will bring about a change in Venezuela.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » The moderator, not satisfied with his vague answer, asked Rodriguez what kind of measures these might be and he responded, \u00ab\u00a0They could be economic measures and at some point they could be military measures.\u00a0\u00bb He then added, \u00ab\u00a0If at some point they are going to do it, they will do it openly.\u00a0\u00bb As an example, Rodriguez gave the Reagan administration’s strike against Khadafi, whose residence was bombed and whose adoptive daughter was killed in the process.<\/em>»<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Ces deux nouvelles t\u00e9moignent d’une pr\u00e9occupation grandissante des USA pour le reste des deux Am\u00e9riques, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 en g\u00e9n\u00e9rale comme des arri\u00e8re-cours indiscutables de la puissance continentale US. La proposition du CFR, en gestation depuis de nombreux mois et reprenant des projets anciens, a \u00e9t\u00e9 acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e et \u00ab\u00a0dur\u00e7i\u00a0\u00bb ces derni\u00e8res semaines, pour tenter de contrer l’effet d\u00e9sastreux du refus canadien de participer au r\u00e9seau anti-missile US et la vague d’antagonisme qui grandit entre les deux pays, d’anti-am\u00e9ricanisme au Canada et d'\u00a0\u00bbanti-canadianisme\u00a0\u00bb aux USA<\/a>. L’intention est aussi que cette \u00e9tude p\u00e8se sur le sommet trilat\u00e9ral ALENA (Canada-USA-Mexique) du 23 mars.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n Les r\u00e9actions au Canada sont tr\u00e8s soup\u00e7onneuses, voire pire. Le projet est per\u00e7u comme un moyen pour les USA d’accentuer et de verrouiller leur main mise sur le Canada, \u00e0 l’heure où le Canada n’aligne pas compl\u00e8tement sa politique sur celle des USA. Le Toronto Star<\/em> \u00e9crit encore:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n « But the report set off alarm bells in Canada, where critics immediately branded it as a push to surrender Canadian control over its resources and an abdication of sovereign decision-making, while succumbing to America’s security agenda. While Manley said Washington would not necessarily dictate the terms of any continental agreement, Public Safety Minister Anne McLellan said it would be \u00ab\u00a0irresponsible\u00a0\u00bb for Ottawa to turn over information to Washington on a wholesale basis.<\/em> »<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Pour l’affaire Chavez et les r\u00e9v\u00e9lations de Rodriguez, il s’agit d’une menace constante contre le dirigeant v\u00e9n\u00e9zuelien, mais qui ne cesse de s’aggraver. A cet \u00e9gard, il semble de plus en plus que les USA ne se sentent tenus par aucune contrainte, aucun aspect l\u00e9gal que ce soit. D’autre part, ils constatent l’\u00e9tonnante expansion de l'\u00a0\u00bbesprit Chavez\u00a0\u00bb en Am\u00e9rique Latine et sa popularit\u00e9 dans le reste du monde<\/a>. L'\u00a0\u00bbesprit Chavez\u00a0\u00bb n’est pas la cause de l’intrusion extraordinaire de la Chine en Am\u00e9rique Latine, mais il lui donne sans aucun doute une connotation politique qui fait de cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement un \u00e9v\u00e9nement strat\u00e9gique propre \u00e0 inqui\u00e9ter Washington plus encore. (Voir ci-dessous.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n Ainsi d\u00e9couvre-t-on, de plus en plus affirm\u00e9, un double mouvement paradoxal dans la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re am\u00e9ricaine, qui s’av\u00e8re ainsi compl\u00e8tement \u00e9chevel\u00e9e: un mouvement d’expansion dans tous les sens, avec les guerres en Irak et en Afghanistan, les pressions contre la Syrie et l’Iran, les positions agressives diverses (contre l’Europe dans l’affaire de l’embargo des armes vers la Chine), les projets de bases militaires multiples; d’autre part, un mouvement de d\u00e9fense, voire de verrouillage du continent, impliquant la perception d’un danger en Am\u00e9rique du Sud (l’activisme Chavez et ses effets) et sur le continent nord-am\u00e9ricain lui-m\u00eame (rapports plus tendus avec le Canada).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n Comme on voit, il est de moins en moins question de terrorisme et de plus en plus de situations de tension classique face \u00e0 des r\u00e9actions nationales ou r\u00e9gionales suscit\u00e9es par la politique am\u00e9ricaine elle-m\u00eame. Il semble qu’avec le deuxi\u00e8me mandat GW Bush, nous entrions dans une p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9sordre accentu\u00e9, passant d’un d\u00e9sordre soi disant contr\u00f4l\u00e9 (pouss\u00e9es de d\u00e9stabilisation am\u00e9ricaines) \u00e0 des effets en retour de cette pouss\u00e9e de d\u00e9sordre, cette fois hors du contr\u00f4le de Washington.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n Dans son superbe article du 16 mars, publi\u00e9 simultan\u00e9ment sur TomDispatch.com<\/a> et Antiwar.com<\/a> sur la situation strat\u00e9gique de la Chine et autour, l’historien am\u00e9ricain Chalmer Johnson signale effectivement cette \u00e9volution chinoise vis-\u00e0-vis de l’Am\u00e9rique Latine:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n « The United States has long proclaimed that Latin America is part of its \u00ab\u00a0sphere of influence,\u00a0\u00bb and because of that most foreign countries have tread carefully in doing business there. However, in the search for fuel and minerals for its booming economy, China is openly courting many Latin American countries regardless of what Washington thinks. On Nov. 15, 2004, President Hu Jintao ended a five day visit to Brazil during which he signed more than a dozen accords aimed at expanding Brazil’s sales to China and Chinese investment in Brazil. Under one agreement Brazil will export to China as much as $800 million annually in beef and poultry. In turn, China agreed with Brazil’s state-controlled oil company to finance a $1.3 billion gas pipeline between Rio de Janeiro and Bahia once technical studies are completed. China and Brazil also entered into a \u00ab\u00a0strategic partnership\u00a0\u00bb with the objective of raising the value of bilateral trade from $10 billion in 2004 to $20 billion by 2007. President Hu said that this partnership symbolized \u00ab\u00a0a new international political order that favored developing countries.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n » In the weeks that followed, China signed important investment and trade agreements with Argentina, Venezuela, Bolivia, Chile, and Cuba. Of particular interest, in December 2004, President Hugo Chavez of Venezuela visited China and agreed to give it wide-ranging access to his country’s oil reserves. Venezuela is the world’s fifth-largest oil exporter and normally sells about 60 percent of its output to the United States, but under the new agreements China will be allowed to operate 15 mature oil fields in eastern Venezuela. China will invest around $350 million to extract oil and another $60 million in natural gas wells.<\/em> »<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Inqui\u00e9tudes pour l’arri\u00e8re-cour 17 mars 2005 — Il faut rassembler deux tr\u00e8s r\u00e9centes nouvelles pour avoir la mesure des pr\u00e9occupations actuelles de l’Am\u00e9rique \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de ses diverses \u00ab\u00a0arri\u00e8re-cours\u00a0\u00bb. • La premi\u00e8re concerne des projets de super-Fortress America, ou \u00ab\u00a0Fortress North America\u00ab\u00a0, notamment rapport\u00e9s par le Toronto Star du 15 mars. Le journal canadien cite… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[3764,3977,3104,4476,4477],"class_list":["post-66265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires","tag-cfr","tag-chine","tag-cia","tag-guevara","tag-rodriguez"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66265"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66265\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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Pouss\u00e9e chinoise en Am\u00e9rique latine<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
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