{"id":67336,"date":"2006-03-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-03-08T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2006\/03\/08\/qui-dirige-la-grande-republique\/"},"modified":"2006-03-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2006-03-08T00:00:00","slug":"qui-dirige-la-grande-republique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2006\/03\/08\/qui-dirige-la-grande-republique\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong><em>Qui dirige la Grande R\u00e9publique ?<\/em><\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><h2 class=\"common-article\">Qui dirige la Grande R\u00e9publique ?<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><p>\t8 mars 2006  Dans plusieurs domaines essentiels de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale, des signes puissants montrent \u00e0 Washington un d\u00e9sordre complet et une fragmentation sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent du pouvoir. R\u00e9pondent \u00e0 ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne une fragmentation des perceptions, voire une fragmentation des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s selon les factions dans l&rsquo;administration, les commentateurs ext\u00e9rieurs, le public lui-m\u00eame. Au d\u00e9sordre de la situation en Irak correspond le d\u00e9sordre des \u00e9valuations dans l&rsquo;administration ; au d\u00e9sordre de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution budg\u00e9taire et structurelle du Pentagone r\u00e9pond le d\u00e9sordre des r\u00e9actions au Congr\u00e8s, qui garde le pouvoir de modifier compl\u00e8tement le budget de la d\u00e9fense.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tCi-dessous, nous pr\u00e9sentons les points principaux de ce d\u00e9sordre dans ces deux domaines essentiels de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 national.<\/p>\n<h3>* Irak<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tL&rsquo;ambassadeur des USA en Irak a fait des d\u00e9clarations \u00e9tonnantes au Los Angeles <em>Times<\/em>. Il pr\u00e9sente une analyse compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rente de celle qui est faite en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral dans l&rsquo;administration. On n&rsquo;h\u00e9sitera pas \u00e0 la qualifier d&rsquo;analyse r\u00e9volutionnaire dans une \u00e9poque de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article.php?art_id=2452\" class=\"gen\">triple langage<\/a>,  parce qu&rsquo;elle tient compte de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et tente d&rsquo;en rendre compte.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; Le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/Iraq\/Story\/0,,1725996,00.html\" class=\"gen\">Guardian<\/a> pr\u00e9sente ces d\u00e9clarations de cette fa\u00e7on : \u00ab <em> The US ambassador to Baghdad conceded yesterday that the Iraq invasion had opened a Pandora&rsquo;s box of sectarian conflicts which could lead to a regional war and the rise of religious extremists who would make Taliban Afghanistan look like child&rsquo;s play. Zalmay Khalilzad broke with the Bush administration&rsquo;s generally upbeat orthodoxy to present a stark profile of a volatile situation in danger of sliding into chaos.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb <em>Mr Khalilzad told the Los Angeles Times Iraq had been pulled back from the brink of civil war after the February 22 bombing of a Shia shrine in Samarra. However, another similar incident would leave Iraq really vulnerable to that happening, he said. We have opened the Pandora&rsquo;s box and the question is, what is the way forward?.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; La r\u00e9alit\u00e9 officielle de l&rsquo;administration, c&rsquo;est que tout ne va pas si mal en Irak apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;alerte de ces derni\u00e8res semaines. Confront\u00e9 \u00e0 ces d\u00e9clarations de l&rsquo;ambassadeur Khalilzad, Rumsfeld a r\u00e9agi d&rsquo;une fa\u00e7on bureaucratique et erratique, montrant qu&rsquo;il \u00e9tait \u00e0 la fois surpris et impuissant. Ses quelques mots rappellent le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de l&rsquo;absurde ou les  r\u00e9flexions de Ubu: \u00ab <em>Well, he&rsquo;s there. He&rsquo;s an expert. And he said what he said. I happen to have not read it, but I am not going to try to disagree with it.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; La vision officielle du Pentagone est que les choses vont mieux en Irak: \u00ab <em>If you take it from a year ago to now, month to month, the attacks now are down compared to last year<\/em> \u00bb, selon le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Pace, pr\u00e9sident du comit\u00e9 des chefs d&rsquo;\u00e9tat-major.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; Commentaire de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.abcnews.go.com\/WNT\/IraqCoverage\/story?id=1689688&#038;page=1&#038;WNT=true\" class=\"gen\">Anthony Cordesman<\/a>, expert respect\u00e9 et consultant de ABC.News: \u00ab <em>When military leaders speak publicly, they have to spin the issue  particularly for American and European audiences  and there&rsquo;s often a rather serious lack of realism.<\/em> \u00bb De ABC.News \u00e9galement, o\u00f9 il est consultant, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Nash, ancien commandant de l&rsquo;U.S. Army en Bosnie: \u00ab <em>We&rsquo;re in a civil war now; it&rsquo;s just that not everybody&rsquo;s joined in. The failure to understand that the civil war is already taking place, just not necessarily at the maximum level, means that our counter measures are inadequate and therefore dangerous to our long-term interest. It&rsquo;s our failure to understand reality that has caused us to be late throughout this experience of the last three years in Iraq.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; 80% des Am\u00e9ricains pensent que la guerre civile est probable (dans le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2006\/03\/06\/AR2006030600369_pf.html\" class=\"gen\">Washington Post<\/a>) : \u00ab <em>An overwhelming majority of Americans believe that fighting between Sunni and Shiite Muslims in Iraq will lead to civil war, and half say the United States should begin withdrawing its forces from that violence-torn country, according to the latest Washington Post-ABC News poll. The survey found that 80 percent believe that recent sectarian violence makes civil war in Iraq likely, and more than a third say such a conflict is &quot;very likely&quot; to occur. These expectations extend beyond party lines: More than seven in 10 Republicans and eight in 10 Democrats and political independents say they believe such a conflict is coming.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<h3>* Le Pentagone<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tLe projet de budget FY2007 du Pentagone a \u00e9t\u00e9 accueilli au Congr\u00e8s par des r\u00e9actions diverses dans un premier temps, montrant que les parlementaires jugeaient ce budget inad\u00e9quat. Cela n&rsquo;est pas nouveau. Ce qui l&rsquo;est beaucoup plus, c&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;on rel\u00e8ve d\u00e9sormais des r\u00e9actions beaucoup plus structur\u00e9es, qui tendent \u00e0 faire penser que des forces, au Congr\u00e8s, vont proposer des projets de budgets compl\u00e8tement recompos\u00e9s, apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9structur\u00e9 le budget officiel.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; Un article de <a href=\" http:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/\" class=\"gen\">Defense News<\/a> du 7 mars donne quelques d\u00e9tails sur la r\u00e9action de Duncan Hunter (r\u00e9publicain) et Ike Skelton (d\u00e9mocrate), les deux t\u00eates de file de la puissante commission des forces arm\u00e9es de la Chambre. Une lettre du 3 mars sur le budget, cosign\u00e9e par les deux parlementaires, dit ceci : \u00ab <em>Given the environment our nation is in today, we have serious concerns that the base budget for fiscal year 2007 is inadequate to support non-deployed programs not directly involved in the day-to-day operations in the global war on terror.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; Les deux parlementaires ne demandent pas des augmentations, de nouveaux cr\u00e9dits, etc. Ils d\u00e9taillent les insuffisances du budget et concluent en disant qu&rsquo;ils vont sans doute proposer un budget alternatif. La lettre d\u00e9taille notamment pr\u00e8s de $100 milliards de probl\u00e8mes qui ne sont pas trait\u00e9s dans le budget (de $491,2 milliards) du DoD pour 2007 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab <em>Their letter lists $45.7 billion of challenges, led by $25 billion in unbudgeted costs for repairing and replacing equipment heavily used in deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan, $10 billion of shortages in training and maintenance, $5 billion to avoid delays in weapons procurement and $4.6 in personnel costs, mostly in health care and payroll expenses.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&bull; Le m\u00eame article signale une initiative du Congressional Progressive Caucus, qui regroupe 62 parlementaires : \u00ab <em>While Hunter and Skelton seek more money on behalf of the armed services committee, a separate move is underway by the 62-member Congressional Progressive Caucus to cut the defense budget by $60 billion to provide more money for domestic programs. On Wednesday, the progressive caucus is expected to unveil what it is called the Common Sense Budget Act that would take money from the Defense Department and spend it on homeland security, education, health care, energy development and humanitarian assistance programs.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;hydre washingtonienne<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tNous n&rsquo;allons pas proposer des hypoth\u00e8ses sur telle ou telle orientation, que ce soit pour l&rsquo;Irak ou le Pentagone. Ce qui nous frappe, c&rsquo;est le d\u00e9sordre, qui d\u00e9passe d\u00e9sormais largement la seule r\u00e9serve \u00e0 l&rsquo;encontre d&rsquo;une politique ou la critique d&rsquo;une politique. Le d\u00e9sordre refl\u00e8te l&rsquo;existence de divers pouvoirs qui s&rsquo;estiment alternatifs au pouvoir actuel,  comme Hunter-Skelton pr\u00e9parent un budget alternatif qui sera propos\u00e9 \u00e0 la Chambre, que la Chambre votera peut-\u00eatre, qui remplacera peut-\u00eatre le budget du Pentagone  (Que dira le S\u00e9nat ? Que dira le Pentagone ? Que fera la bureaucratie qui travaille selon les orientations du budget officiel ? Et ainsi de suite, dans l&rsquo;ordre de l&rsquo;accroissement exponentiel du d\u00e9sordre.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tLes Etats-Unis fonctionnent aujourd&rsquo;hui comme s&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;avaient pas de t\u00eate, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire dans la configuration d&rsquo;une hydre hyper-moderniste \u00e0 autant de t\u00eates qu&rsquo;il y a de bureaucraties, de centres de d\u00e9cision, de groupes de pression. La chose n&rsquo;est plus, elle, virtuelle,  justement \u00e0 cause du virtualisme. L&rsquo;existence quasi-officielle de plusieurs r\u00e9alit\u00e9s permet ce d\u00e9sordre, en interdisant d\u00e9sormais le regroupement sur une politique et une perception au nom de la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9vidence d&rsquo;une seule r\u00e9alit\u00e9. L&rsquo;autre facteur d\u00e9cisif, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;extr\u00eame faiblesse du pouvoir nominal. GW Bush n&rsquo;a strictement aucune autorit\u00e9 et cette absence, qui permet la fragmentation au sein de l&rsquo;administration (voir les jugements sur l&rsquo;Irak), interdit un regroupement au nom des principes centraux du pouvoir am\u00e9ricaniste.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tLa question est de savoir quelle dose de d\u00e9sordre et d&rsquo;anarchie bureaucratique et de communication Washington est capable de supporter. (M\u00eame question pour <em>The Rest of the World<\/em> : quelle dose de d\u00e9sordre am\u00e9ricaniste le monde est-il capable de supporter ?)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qui dirige la Grande R\u00e9publique ? 8 mars 2006 Dans plusieurs domaines essentiels de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale, des signes puissants montrent \u00e0 Washington un d\u00e9sordre complet et une fragmentation sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent du pouvoir. R\u00e9pondent \u00e0 ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne une fragmentation des perceptions, voire une fragmentation des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s selon les factions dans l&rsquo;administration, les commentateurs ext\u00e9rieurs, le&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[3127,3934,3356,568,826,857,5165,3194,569],"class_list":["post-67336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires","tag-budget","tag-chaos","tag-desordre","tag-dod","tag-hunter","tag-irak","tag-khalilzad","tag-pentagone","tag-rumsfeld"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67336"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67336\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}