{"id":68248,"date":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2006\/11\/29\/heurs-et-bonheurs-du-modele-americain\/"},"modified":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2006-11-29T00:00:00","slug":"heurs-et-bonheurs-du-modele-americain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2006\/11\/29\/heurs-et-bonheurs-du-modele-americain\/","title":{"rendered":"Heurs et bonheurs du \u201cmod\u00e8le am\u00e9ricain\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><p>La Cour Supr\u00eame  des USA se prononce aujourd&rsquo;hui sur un cas int\u00e9ressant, opposant douze Etats de l&rsquo;Union au centre (Washington) sur la question de la lutte contre les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effets de serre. Le <em>Guardian<\/em> commente la nouvelle <a href=\"http:\/\/environment.guardian.co.uk\/climatechange\/story\/0,,1959431,00.html\" class=\"gen\">ce jour<\/a>:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab<em>The supreme court in Washington will bring its ultimate authority to bear for the first time today on the issue of global warming &#8211; hearing legal arguments in a case that environmentalists believe could have far-reaching consequences.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>Twelve US states, led by California and Massachusetts and backed by several cities and environmental groups, have brought the case to try to force the Bush administration to regulate carbon dioxide emissions from cars and factories.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>They are challenging an appeal court ruling that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  an arm of the administration  was not obliged to regulate CO2.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tDans ce cas int\u00e9ressant, le mod\u00e8le am\u00e9ricain  d&rsquo;habitude proclam\u00e9 comme exemplaire par les institutions europ\u00e9ennes  est \u00e0 l&rsquo;inverse de ce qu&rsquo;il nous est dit d&rsquo;une fa\u00e7on g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et p\u00e9dagogique, notamment par les institutions europ\u00e9ennes, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article.php?art_id=3416\" class=\"gen\">pr\u00e9sident de la Commission<\/a> en t\u00eate. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une pouss\u00e9e d\u00e9centralisatrice (celle des Etats de l&rsquo;Union), oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 f\u00e9d\u00e9rale qui pr\u00e9tend imposer une politique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale que nombre d&rsquo;autorit\u00e9s locales jugent dommageable. Le point ici est moins le contenu de la politique que l&rsquo;affrontement des pouvoirs et, au-del\u00e0, la question r\u00e9volutionnaire suivante : \u00e0 quel niveau trouve-t-on la v\u00e9ritable souverainet\u00e9 lorsque des entit\u00e9s d\u00e9mocratiques composant un ensemble f\u00e9d\u00e9ral s&rsquo;opposent, le plus souvent \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;une incitation populaire dans ce sens, \u00e0 une politique centralis\u00e9e jug\u00e9e dommageable par ces entit\u00e9s?<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tAutre paradoxe charmant : les USA sont en train de nous ass\u00e9ner la preuve que la lutte contre le r\u00e9chauffement climatique peut effectivement se faire \u00e0 partir des pouvoirs parcellaires, des pouvoirs souverains ranim\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;occasion et constituant <em>de facto<\/em> un ensemble conf\u00e9d\u00e9ral plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;\u00e0 partir d&rsquo;un pouvoir f\u00e9d\u00e9ral centralisateur. La seule chose que demandent les Etats de l&rsquo;Union dans le cas envisag\u00e9, c&rsquo;est que le pouvoir central ne leur interdise pas les politiques qu&rsquo;ils entendent mettre en uvre. (\u00ab<em>If the states lose the action, tough new measures brought in by California to force car manufacturers to produce cleaner vehicles would instantly be imperilled, as the state&rsquo;s legal right to set its own emissions targets would be undermined.<\/em>\u00bb)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tLe paradoxe \u00e9difiant pour l&rsquo;Europe si friande du mod\u00e8le am\u00e9ricain, c&rsquo;est que, sur cette question du <em>global warming<\/em>, les Etats de l&rsquo;Union sont en train de se battre pour tenter de regagner une partie de leur souverainet\u00e9 perdue (notamment \u00e0 l&rsquo;occasion de la Guerre de S\u00e9cession). Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un affrontement de pouvoirs sur la question de la souverainet\u00e9. Il s&rsquo;agit de la m\u00eame lutte en cours aujourd&rsquo;hui en Europe, entre un cadre conf\u00e9d\u00e9ral laissant leur souverainet\u00e9 aux nations et un cadre f\u00e9d\u00e9ral tentant d&rsquo;imposer l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 du centre.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><p>\tMis en ligne le 29 novembre 2006 \u00e0 05H53<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Cour Supr\u00eame des USA se prononce aujourd&rsquo;hui sur un cas int\u00e9ressant, opposant douze Etats de l&rsquo;Union au centre (Washington) sur la question de la lutte contre les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effets de serre. Le Guardian commente la nouvelle ce jour: \u00abThe supreme court in Washington will bring its ultimate authority to bear for&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[2769,6177,3055,3393,4237,5197,2746,3056,4238],"class_list":["post-68248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bloc-notes","tag-americain","tag-confederal","tag-cour","tag-environnement","tag-global","tag-modele","tag-souverainete","tag-supreme","tag-warming"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68248\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}