ce matin<\/a>. L’approche est r\u00e9solument europ\u00e9enne et l’analyse place Sarkozy, dans les diff\u00e9rents aspects de son discours, en position conflictuelle explicite ou implicite vis-\u00e0-vis des USA.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00abEurope must progressively affirm itself as a first-rank player for peace and security, in co-operation with the United Nations, the Atlantic alliance and the African Union.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbSarkozy referred explicitly to the struggle between the major powers for the re-division of the world’s resources, particularly energy, warning, The world has become multi-polar but this multi-polarity, which could open the way to a new concert of the great powers, is, rather, drifting towards the clash of power politics.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbHis speech offered several measures to challenge the military, economic and political hegemony of the US.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t()<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\t\u00bbWhile in full alliance with the United States to ensure that the world remains safe for imperialist exploitation, he strongly asserted the need for France and the EU to be able to vie for their own share of the spoils. He has pledged to increase France’s involvement in the occupation of Afghanistan with a contingent of 150 military trainers and stressed that the EU has carried out some fifteen operations on our continent, in Africa, in the Middle East, in Asia.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbSarkozy called for the development of the European armament and security capability. France and Germany have laid the foundations: the Franco-German Brigade and then the European Corps, he said. Pointing out that British and French military spending represented two thirds of the total of the other 25 EU countries combined, he urged that our other partners should participate in this common effort.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbThe following day, addressing a commission set up to prepare a defence white paper, Sarkozy said he had set the nation’s defence effort at around two percent of the nation’s wealth: This goal should make it possible for France to acquire the capacities it needs to remain, with the United Kingdom, among the leading European nations.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbSarkozy’s favourable references to the UK are a marked departure in French foreign policy, which has long viewed Britain as a proxy of the US and oriented itself on the basis of the Franco-German alliance. It is an indication of the importance Sarkozy attaches to military might to back up French and European economic interests.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t()<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\t\u00bbSarkozy’s turn to militarism, particularly his call for Europe to play a larger role in Iraq, has been portrayed as reconciliation with the US. It is certainly the case that he recognises that a defeat for the US in Iraq would be dangerous for all the imperialist powers. Nevertheless, France has its own interests in the Middle East, particularly in Iran, which Sarkozy intends to uphold and which still bring him into conflict with Washington.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbHe reiterated that the US-led invasion of Iraq had led to a tragedy, stating that France was and remains hostile to that war. Criticizing the US decision to invade without UN approval, he asserted, The United States did not manage to resist the temptation to have recourse to the unilateral use of force, and on the issue of the protection of the environment, does not demonstrate that capacity for leadership which it claims elsewhere.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbHe called for a political solution and a clear timetable for the withdrawal of troops… Only then will the international community, starting with the countries of the region, be able to act most usefully. France, for its part will be ready to do so. This is the message which Bernard Kouchner [Foreign Minister] has just taken to Baghdad, a message of solidarity and availability.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbSarkozy has also renewed relations with Syria, broken off by the former president Jacques Chirac, putting him at odds with the White House but giving France the opportunity to act as a broker in the region.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbHis position as both an ally and a rival of the US, depending on the circumstances, comes out most clearly on the question of Iran which he described as the most serious crisis weighing down on the international order. The country is a major source of gas and oil supplies and field of investment and commerce for France, Europe and other US rivals.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbHe is in full agreement with the Bush administration on the need to pressure the Iranian regime into the complete abandonment of a nuclear weapons programme, going so far as to warn that a failure to do so might lead to Iran being bombed. Unless Iran halted its nuclear programme, the alternative would be catastrophic: the Iranian bomb or the bombardment of Iran.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\t\u00bbBut Sarkozy also made clear that he wanted a diplomatic solution, promising, France will spare no effort to convince Iran that it has much to gain from engaging in serious negotiations with the Europeans, the Chinese and the Russians, and of course the Americans. The placing of America last expresses Sarkozy’s desire for Europe and other powers to act as a counterweight to US dominance.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tWSWS.org<\/em> d\u00e9crit un Sarkozy ayant de grandes ambitions d’affirmation de la France, y compris aux d\u00e9pens des USA (mais aussi aux d\u00e9pens des autres pays de l’UE : l’analyse rapporte des r\u00e9actions tr\u00e8s agac\u00e9es de la presse allemande, qui consid\u00e8re souvent ce discours comme une OPA sarkozyste sur l’Europe par le biais de la puissance militaire). L’analyse signale des r\u00e9actions favorables US, dans la mesure o\u00f9 les USA s’estiment capables de manuvrer \u00e0 leur avantage les ambitions fran\u00e7aises. WSWS.org<\/em> en doute et estime que ces m\u00eames ambitions fran\u00e7aises vont conduire \u00e0 des affrontements avec les USA : \u00abThe US media calculates that, in the end, France’s ambitions can be contained and his placatory noises towards America and more important than his banging the nationalist drum for domestic consumption. However, the US cannot reconcile itself to any genuine effort to assert French and European interests. Future clashes are inevitable, particularly in Africa and the Middle East where France’s historical presence and interests are being challenged not only by the US but also China.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tL’int\u00e9r\u00eat de ce texte de WSWS.org<\/em> est d’abord qu’il ne fait pas cette analyse dans un esprit favorable (il ne consid\u00e8re pas comme une bonne chose que Sarkozy manifeste l’\u00e9tat d’esprit qu’il d\u00e9crit). Au contraire, il consid\u00e8re l’orientation qu’il identifie comme celle d’ambitions fran\u00e7aises condamnables, c’est-\u00e0-dire comme une pouss\u00e9e imp\u00e9rialiste et militariste, ce qui vaut condamnation en langage trotskiste. Nous ne sommes pas ici dans le cadre du d\u00e9bat fran\u00e7ais Sarko pro- ou anti-US et l’analyse n’est pas faite dans le but d’y apporter sa contribution; cela l’oblit\u00e8re du soup\u00e7on de parti-pris.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tL’int\u00e9r\u00eat de ce texte est \u00e9galement de montrer l’extr\u00eame vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des perceptions de la position fran\u00e7aise. Certains font du discours du 26 ao\u00fbt un retour \u00e0 peine dissimul\u00e9 vers l’atlantisme ; WSWS.org<\/em> en fait une affirmation imp\u00e9rialiste fran\u00e7aise par Europe interpos\u00e9e, en concurrence directe avec la position d’h\u00e9g\u00e9monie des USA. Rien de d\u00e9cisif ne permet de d\u00e9partager ces positions. Par contre, le fait qu’une telle vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d’analyse puisse appara\u00eetre sans que l’une ou l’autre soit ridicule ou insens\u00e9e est un signe caract\u00e9ristique de l’incertitude de la situation.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tNous renouvelons une constatation d\u00e9j\u00e0 souvent faite: plus que jamais dans notre \u00e9poque compte la perception, m\u00eame lorsqu’il s’agit de mots et de phrases qui, par nature, devraient dire un sens pr\u00e9cis. La perception du discours en France, o\u00f9 la question de l’atlantisme est une des grandes obsessions, dans tous les sens, de la psych\u00e9 nationale, est une chose, et sans doute pas la plus importante, puisqu’\u00e0 consommation int\u00e9rieure. La perception US est int\u00e9ress\u00e9e dans le sens qu’a indiqu\u00e9 WSWS.org<\/em>, parce que les USA ont besoin d’alli\u00e9s. La perception en Europe (surtout en Allemagne, comme le fait remarquer WSWS.org<\/em>), est que la France de Sarkozy veut affirmer son leadership<\/em> europ\u00e9en pour faire jouer \u00e0 l’Europe un r\u00f4le mondial ; lequel, effectivement, a des chances, toujours selon la perception courante, d’interf\u00e9rer sur les int\u00e9r\u00eats US.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tVoil\u00e0 pour les perceptions. Pour le reste, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements, l’\u00e9volution strat\u00e9gique et le sens politique et hisorique, trancheront dans une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les dirigeants, pr\u00e9occup\u00e9s de leur image et de la tactique imm\u00e9diate, sont bien peu les ma\u00eetres d’une strat\u00e9gie et d’un sens qui souvent les d\u00e9passent. Parfois et m\u00eame souvent, ils ignorent que cela existe, la strat\u00e9gie et le sens. Cela fait que, parfois et m\u00eame tout aussi souvent, la perception et l’interpr\u00e9tation acqui\u00e8rent un aspect imp\u00e9ratif qui donne leur sens aux choses.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\tMis en ligne le 3 septembre 2007 \u00e0 9H58<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Il est caract\u00e9ristique de constater les diff\u00e9rences d’interpr\u00e9tation qui suivent l’intervention de Sarkozy du 27 ao\u00fbt. Voici le cas de l’analyse que fait le site WSWS.org ce matin. L’approche est r\u00e9solument europ\u00e9enne et l’analyse place Sarkozy, dans les diff\u00e9rents aspects de son discours, en position conflictuelle explicite ou implicite vis-\u00e0-vis des USA. \u00abEurope must progressively… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[4418,2824,6980,4590,5169],"class_list":["post-69184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bloc-notes","tag-discours","tag-europeen","tag-interpretation","tag-sarkozy","tag-wsws-org"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69184"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69184\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}