{"id":69386,"date":"2007-11-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-11-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2007\/11\/06\/sarko-voici-the-land-of-optimism\/"},"modified":"2007-11-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2007-11-06T00:00:00","slug":"sarko-voici-the-land-of-optimism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2007\/11\/06\/sarko-voici-the-land-of-optimism\/","title":{"rendered":"Sarko, voici \u201cthe land of optimism\u201d<\/em><\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sarko, voici the land of optimism<\/em><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\t6 novembre 2007 Sao\u00fbl\u00e9 de discours sur lui-m\u00eame, par lui-m\u00eame et pour lui-m\u00eame, plong\u00e9 dans la repr\u00e9sentation maximaliste de son univers virtualiste qui est une anti-r\u00e9alit\u00e9, l’establishment<\/em> washingtonien distingue mal ou ne distingue pas du tout l’\u00e9pouvantable \u00e9tat d’esprit de l’Am\u00e9ricain standard, cet \u00e9tat d’esprit qui finit par devenir par son caract\u00e8re extr\u00eame un fait politique affirm\u00e9 et d’une r\u00e9elle puissance dynamique. Les sondages se suivent et se ressemblent mis\u00e9rablement et dramatiquement. Deux, successivement comment\u00e9s les 15 octobre et 4 novembre, se confirmant, s’aggravant l’un l’autre par l’accumulation, ont attir\u00e9 notre attention justement par cette proximit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t Gary Younge, du Guardian<\/em>, faisait un commentaire le 15 octobre<\/a> sur \u00abThe land of optimism<\/em> [which] is in the dumps, but refuses to accept how it got there.<\/em>\u00bb Ce commentaire s’appuyait sur un sondage Rasmussen, dont les r\u00e9sultats sont aussi cr\u00e9pusculaires que du temps du Watergate.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abThis sense of optimism has been in retreat in almost every sense over the past few years. According to Rasmussen polls, just 21% of Americans believe the country is on the right track, a figure that has fallen by more than a half since the presidential election of 2004. Meanwhile only a third think the country’s best days are yet to come, as opposed to 43% who believe they have come and gone – again a steep decline on three years ago. These are not one-offs. In the past 18 months almost every poll that has asked Americans about their country’s direction has produced among the most pessimistic responses on record a more extended period than anyone can remember since Watergate.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbAmerica, in short, is in a deep funk. Far from feeling hopeful, it appears fearful of the outside world and despondent about its own future. Not only do most believe tomorrow will be worse than today, they also feel that there is little that can be done about it.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbThere are three main reasons. Closest to home is the economy. Wages are stagnant, house prices in most areas have stalled or are falling, the dollar is plunging, and the deficit is rising. A Pew survey last week showed that 72% believe the economy is either \u00a0\u00bbonly fair\u00a0\u00bb or poor and 76% believe it will be the same or worse a year from now. Globalisation is a major worry. Of 46 countries polled recently, the US had the least positive view on foreign trade and one of the least positive on foreign companies.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t Avant-hier 4 novembre<\/a>, le Washington Post<\/em> publiait un commentaire sur un sondage Washington Post<\/em>-ABC News poll<\/em>. Les r\u00e9sultats sont aussi catastrophiques. A cause de la forme des questions et du centre d’int\u00e9r\u00eat des \u00e9lections de 2008 qui les inspire, la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence que choisissent les commentateurs du pessimisme exprim\u00e9e est la fin 1995, alors que les fonctionnaires du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral \u00e9taient en crise et que Clinton n’arrivait pas \u00e0 redresser un sentiment populaire incompr\u00e9hensible pour lui, qui s’\u00e9tait exprim\u00e9 contradictoirement, aussi bien par la d\u00e9faire du sortant en 1992 (et la victoire de Clinton) que par la d\u00e9faite du parti du gagnant de 1992 (d\u00e9b\u00e2cle d\u00e9mocrate de novembre 1994). (L’Am\u00e9rique ne sortit de cette crise de l’humeur commenc\u00e9e en 1991 qu’avec les JO d’Atlanta<\/a>. Bien entendu, il s’agit de l’artifice extr\u00eame de l’exaltation nationaliste lors de cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement, encha\u00eenant sur l’exaltation de la puissance US.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abOne year out from the 2008 election, Americans are deeply pessimistic and eager for a change in direction from the agenda and priorities of President Bush, according to a new Washington Post-ABC News poll.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbConcern about the economy, the war in Iraq and growing dissatisfaction with the political environment in Washington all contribute to the lowest public assessment of the direction of the country in more than a decade. Just 24 percent think the nation is on the right track, and three-quarters said they want the next president to chart a course that is different than that pursued by Bush.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abOverwhelmingly, Democrats want a new direction, but so do three-quarters of independents and even half of Republicans. Sixty percent of all Americans said they feel strongly that such a change is needed after two terms of the Bush presidency.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbDissatisfaction with the war in Iraq remains a primary drag on public opinion, and Americans are increasingly downcast about the state of the economy. More than six in 10 called the war not worth fighting, and nearly two-thirds gave the national economy negative marks. The outlook going forward is also bleak: About seven in 10 see a recession as likely over the next year.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbThe overall landscape tilts in the direction of the Democrats, but there is evidence in the new poll matched in conversations with political strategists in both parties and follow-up interviews with survey participants that the coming battle for the White House is shaping up to be another hard-fought, highly negative and closely decided contest.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n

Leur humeur \u00e9pouvantable<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\tOn pourrait aussi bien observer que ces sondages sont une bonne entr\u00e9e en mati\u00e8re pour la visite de Sarkozy \u00e0 Washington (aujourd’hui et demain). On se r\u00e9f\u00e8re ici \u00e0 la repr\u00e9sentation color\u00e9e et charg\u00e9e de lieux communs clignotants et syncop\u00e9s qui tient lieu de philosophie justifiant, aux yeux de ce pr\u00e9sident, son pro-am\u00e9ricanisme affich\u00e9, affirm\u00e9 et r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 comme une ceinture de chastet\u00e9 d\u00e9fend une vertu. Cette philosophie clinque et r\u00e9sonne de phrases envol\u00e9es et dont on devine l’originalit\u00e9, qui ont pour th\u00e8me insistant l’esprit d’entreprise, l’optimisme conqu\u00e9rant, le go\u00fbt de l’avenir et ainsi de suite. On se demande alors de quelle Am\u00e9rique discourt Sarko? Quelle est la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de ce qu’il faut nommer son Am\u00e9rique, comme s’il s’agissait d’un objet qui lui est propre? Ces sondages exposent une situation circonstanci\u00e9e, scientifique, \u00e9talonn\u00e9e et tout ce qui s’ensuit, et absolument contraire \u00e0 la vision qu’il exalte.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tC’est une Am\u00e9rique cr\u00e9pusculaire, d\u00e9sorient\u00e9e, am\u00e8re, hargneuse que nous montrent les sondages. Le r\u00eave passe comme s’il n’avait jamais vraiment exist\u00e9, celui de Sarkozy comme celui qu’on nomme d’une fa\u00e7on g\u00e9n\u00e9rique American Dream<\/em>. Mais la chose est encore plus compliqu\u00e9 que ce simple constat de pessimisme car ce pessimisme est pav\u00e9 d’incroyables contradictions qui en disent long sur l’anarchie du sentiment, sur le d\u00e9sordre des esprits, sur la confusion de la perception. Le cas expos\u00e9 par le sondage du Washington Post<\/em>, sur les favoris \u00e0 la course \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence, est caract\u00e9ristique. On conna\u00eet d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/a> cette contradiction qui caract\u00e9rise Hillary Clinton (favorite selon les sondages) mais la chose n’a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi violemment mise \u00e0 nu puisque les r\u00e9ponses s’encha\u00eenent dans le m\u00eame questionnaire et exposent la contradiction presque insurmontable et, dans tous les cas, insupportable pour la raison:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abAnd while Clinton finds herself atop all candidates in terms of strong favorability in the poll, 28 percent said they feel strongly favorable toward her she also outpaces any other candidate on strong unfavorables. More than a third, 35 percent, have strongly negative views of her, more than 10 points higher than any other contender.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tAinsi la candidate en t\u00eate, celle qui exerce une position \u00e9crasante dans le parti d\u00e9mocrate qui est favori pour l’\u00e9lection, est \u00e9galement la plus fermement ha\u00efe, et de loin, parmi tous les candidats. Ce constat chaotique se compl\u00e8te d’un autre constat qu’aucun candidat ne d\u00e9gage une position de sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 lui permettant de d\u00e9passer les 51% des voix exprim\u00e9es (\u00abNot one of the leading candidates in either party has a favorable rating above 51 percent in the new poll.<\/em>\u00bb) Cette situation d’incertitude et de confusion existe alors que 75% de l’\u00e9lectorat veulent absolument un changement de direction (\u00abJust 24 percent think the nation is on the right track, and three-quarters said they want the next president to chart a course that is different than that pursued by Bush.<\/em>\u00bb) Peut-on imaginer pire encha\u00eenement d’exgences contradictoires?<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tCe d\u00e9sarroi, cette incertitude et cette confusion refl\u00e8tent essentiellement une d\u00e9sorientation compl\u00e8te du processus politique par la rupture syst\u00e9matique des liens de cause \u00e0 effet dans la repr\u00e9sentation des situations publiques, et par la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence faite \u00e0 une fausse r\u00e9alit\u00e9 construite par la communication agissant dans un but de virtualisme. Younge explique bien cela, cette rancur, cette fureur constantes du public US exprimant son pessimisme, voire son nihilisme catastrophiste, mais \u00e9galement son refus complet de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Tout se passe comme si le public am\u00e9ricaniste disait sa fureur de ce qu’il per\u00e7oit de la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la situation, des promesses non tenues d’une situation qui \u00e9tait exprim\u00e9e et d\u00e9crite par le virtualisme. Mais la seule chose qu’il juge acceptable, c’est le retour de la situation virtualiste. Le pessimisme am\u00e9ricaniste ne vient qu’en partie du constat qu’il fait de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9, et compl\u00e8tement du constat de cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9 aggrav\u00e9 du refus complet de cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abOnce again the American public have lost faith. The rot starts at the top. Almost as soon as they elected Bush in 2004 they seemed to regret it. Since Katrina, his favourability ratings have been stuck in the 30s and show no signs of moving or at least not upwards. Bush’s only comfort is that public approval of the Democratically controlled Congress is even worse, hovering just below where it was shortly before the 2006 elections. In other words, however Americans believe their country will return to the right track, they no longer trust politicians to get them there.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbLittle suggests that anything will change any time soon. After four years of being told they were winning a war they have been losing and are better off when they are not, Americans are more wary of political happy talk than they have been for a long time. But that doesn’t mean they want to hear sad talk instead, even if it happens to be true. For the central problem is not that they were lied to though that of course is a problem but that they have constantly found some of these lies more palatable than the truth. Bush may have exploited the more problematic aspects of this optimism. But he did not create them. Enough of the American public had to be prepared to meet him halfway to make his agenda possible.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbHerein lies the challenge for the presidential candidates in the coming year how to respond to this pessimistic mood without reflecting or discussing its root causes: to lay out a plausible explanation of how Americans can get their groove back, without examining how they got in this rut in the first place.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tSi l’on confronte cette situation avec ce que le politologue Ronald Browstein nomme The Second Civil War<\/em>, qui est la polarisation d\u00e9mocratique<\/a> vers l’extr\u00e9misme de la particratie am\u00e9ricaniste, on mesure le potentiel explosif de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 US aujourd’hui. De plus en plus existe la possibilit\u00e9 que l’\u00e9lection de 2009, per\u00e7ue comme lib\u00e9ratrice par tant de commentateurs parce qu’elle nous lib\u00e9rera de GW Bush, le soit effectivement, mais de forces d\u00e9stabilisantes incontr\u00f4lables.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sarko, voici the land of optimism 6 novembre 2007 Sao\u00fbl\u00e9 de discours sur lui-m\u00eame, par lui-m\u00eame et pour lui-m\u00eame, plong\u00e9 dans la repr\u00e9sentation maximaliste de son univers virtualiste qui est une anti-r\u00e9alit\u00e9, l’establishment washingtonien distingue mal ou ne distingue pas du tout l’\u00e9pouvantable \u00e9tat d’esprit de l’Am\u00e9ricain standard, cet \u00e9tat d’esprit qui finit par devenir… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[3228,4921,5846,4590,2804,3248],"class_list":["post-69386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faits-et-commentaires","tag-crise","tag-hope","tag-optimisme","tag-sarkozy","tag-usa","tag-washington"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69386\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}