Avec les 663.000 emplois perdus de mars et un ch\u00f4mage officiel de 8,5%, qu’il situe en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e0 15,6%, Robert Reich constate le \n<\/p>\n \t\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbgen\u00a0\u00bb>3 avril 2009<\/a> que les USA sont entr\u00e9s en d\u00e9pression. Ce n’est pas (encore?) la Grande D\u00e9pression, du point de vue du co\u00fbt et des d\u00e9g\u00e2ts humains, mais on s’en rapproche sans aucun doute.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tL’appr\u00e9ciation de Reich d’une aggravation de la situation \u00e9conomique rencontre a posteriori<\/em> la tendance des vaticinations de la commission ex\u00e9cutive de la Federal Reserve, la Federal Open Market Committee, lors de sa derni\u00e8re r\u00e9union du 18 mars 2009. Apr\u00e8s une offensive publique<\/a> manqu\u00e9e de Bernanke, selon la ligne de l’id\u00e9ologie de l’optimisme et dont le caract\u00e8re faussaire est ainsi av\u00e9r\u00e9, la description<\/a> de la r\u00e9union et les minutes<\/a>, qui sont publi\u00e9es aujourd’hui par Reuters, montrent une tr\u00e8s grande incertitude et une aggravation des pr\u00e9visions, avec une reprise de plus en plus difficile \u00e0 fixer.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tDans ce contexte, les appr\u00e9ciations de Reich sur l’identification de l’\u00e9tat \u00e9conomique de l’Am\u00e9rique sont d’autant plus int\u00e9ressantes \u00e0 suivre. Elles sugg\u00e8rent notamment une description psychologique d’une d\u00e9pression au niveau social, au travers du nombre de personnes touch\u00e9es et de l’effet psychologique obtenu, sur leurs comportements, sur leurs attitudes, etc. Reich fait un d\u00e9compte des personnes psychologiquement touch\u00e9es par la crise, en plus de l’\u00eatre socialement et \u00e9conomiquement, et il conclut qu’il s’agit effectivement d’une d\u00e9pression, \u00e9conomiquement et psychologiquement, <\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00ab[I]f you include people who are out of work and have given up trying to find a job, the real unemployment rate is 9 percent. And if you include people working part time who’d rather be working full time, it’s now up to 15.6 percent. One in every six workers in America is now either unemployed or underemployed.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbEvery lost job has a multiplier effect throughout the economy. For every person who no longer has a job and can’t find another, or is trying to enter the job market and can’t find one, there are at least three job holders who become more anxious that they may lose their job. Almost every American right now is within two degrees of separation of someone who is out of work. This broader anxiety expresses itself as less willingness to spend money on anything other than necessities. And this reluctance to spend further contracts the economy, leading to more job losses.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbCapital markets may or may not unfreeze under the combined heat of the Treasury and the Fed, but what happens to Wall Street is becoming less and less relevant to Main Street. Anxious Americans will not borrow even if credit is available to them. And ever fewer Americans are good credit risks anyway.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tLa remarque de Reich, ici pos\u00e9e d’un point de vue \u00e9conomique mais essentiellement par le biais psychologique, a \u00e9galement une dimension politique: \u00abbut what happens to Wall Street is becoming less and less relevant to Main Street.<\/em>\u00bb La crise se banalise mais d’une fa\u00e7on remarquable, sans avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9solue en quelque mani\u00e8re que ce soit, notamment parce que rem\u00e8des qui y sont apport\u00e9s sont conjoncturels alors qu’elle est structurelle. Les banquiers (Wall Street) profitent pour l’essentiel des rem\u00e8des conjoncturels tandis que la population (Main Street), qui entre dans la crise structurelle, n’en profite au mieux que marginalement.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tLa banalisation de la crise, c’est aussi un divorce \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de la crise, du point de vue des structures sociales US. Il y a trois mois, le diagnostic de d\u00e9pression, aujourd’hui \u00e9vident, secouait le pays tout entier, aux USA, \u00e9tablissant ainsi une certaine unit\u00e9 de r\u00e9action entre les diff\u00e9rents p\u00f4les et structures. Aujourd’hui, ce n’est plus le cas.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tIt’s a Depression<\/em>, observe Robert Reich. So what?<\/em>, r\u00e9pond Wall Street; Main Street ne r\u00e9pond plus ou ne r\u00e9pond pas encore.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \tMis en ligne le 9 avril 2009 \u00e0 16H21<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Avec les 663.000 emplois perdus de mars et un ch\u00f4mage officiel de 8,5%, qu’il situe en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e0 15,6%, Robert Reich constate le<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[8240,3083,8241,3182,3372,3132],"class_list":["post-70675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bloc-notes","tag-banalisation","tag-depression","tag-main","tag-reich","tag-street","tag-wall"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70675\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}