\tLe professeur Stephen M. Walt, qui se rendit fameux par la publication, avec John Mearsheimer, d’une \u00e9tude<\/a> sur l’influence de l’AIPAC (lobby pro-isra\u00e9lien) sur la politique ext\u00e9rieure US, n’en est pas moins rest\u00e9 un membre \u00e9minent de l’establishment<\/em> am\u00e9ricaniste. Le coup d’\u00e9clat de cette \u00e9tude n’est pas un acte de dissidence ni un acte antiSyst\u00e8me, mais une d\u00e9marche d’un homme partisan d’une politique ext\u00e9rieure des USA r\u00e9aliste et accord\u00e9e d’abord aux int\u00e9r\u00eats des USA, c’est-\u00e0-dire essentiellement des int\u00e9r\u00eats am\u00e9ricanistes. Par cons\u00e9quent, les opinions de Walt sur les probl\u00e8mes courants de la politique ext\u00e9rieure, m\u00eame s’ils sont divergents d’une politique interventionniste extr\u00eame, restent dans le domaine de ce qui est largement acceptable par l’establishment<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tAussi, l’opinion de Walt sur l’acte du whistleblower<\/em> Edward Snowden \u00e9tait-elle rest\u00e9e tr\u00e8s discr\u00e8te, sinon inexistante. Il avait accueilli favorablement le travail intr\u00e9pide de Glenn Greenwald, qui ne disait rien de Snowden qu’on ne connaissat encore pas, le le 7 juin 2013<\/a> (\u00abThanks to some intrepid work by Glenn Greenwald and others, we now know a lot more about the secret surveillance that the U.S. government has been doing in recent years.<\/em>\u00bb), puis il avait d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une analyse des dangers de la surveillance du public, le 10 juin 2013<\/a>, puis deux autres r\u00e9flexions sur les \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9s de cette crise, mais quasiment rien sur Snowden. Il le fait enfin le 4 juillet 2013<\/a>, jour de la f\u00eate nationale des USA, en prenant symboliquement mais clairement position, en disant simplement que les P\u00e8res Fondateurs, les Jefferson et les Madison, finalement auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 fiers, s’ils avaient v\u00e9cu \u00e0 notre \u00e9poque, de l’acte accompli par le whistleblower<\/em> Snowden.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tCette prise de position, de type symbolique mais qui se veut compl\u00e8tement en accord avec les P\u00e8res Fondateurs de l’am\u00e9ricanisme, est en compl\u00e8te contradiction avec la condamnation absolue de Snowden qu’exige le Syst\u00e8me. Elle est, \u00e0 notre sens un signe de la marque que cette affaire laisse d\u00e9j\u00e0 et va laisser de plus en plus dans les psychologies, y compris, c’est justement l’int\u00e9r\u00eat du cas Walt, dans les psychologies des dirigeants-Syst\u00e8me… Ainsi, finit par conclure Walt, Snowden n’a pas fait diff\u00e9rent de ce qu’ils firent il y a 237 ans, une r\u00e9volte contre l’empire ! Snowden est l’un des leurs !<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00abEvery year on the Fourth of July I sit down and read the Declaration of Independence. It’s a habit I got into some years ago, but I take a peculiar pleasure in reading through the founding principles of the American Revolution, archaic language and all. In these days of creeping executive power, supine journalism, and reflexive threat-inflation, it’s a valuable reminder that governments exist to serve the people and not the other way around.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbOn this Independence Day, I am wondering what the Founding Fathers would have made of Edward Snowden. The question is obviously a bit absurd, as they could hardly have imagined something like the Internet, or even the telephone, back in 1776. But they would have understood the ability of a government to seize the mail and to investigate and harass those suspected of disloyalty. And they surely would have understood the concept of risking one’s future for the sake of one’s ideals.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbIt is of course possible that they would have seen Snowden as some members of Congress do, as a man who betrayed his country by releasing classified information. But isn’t it also possible that they would have seen in him a kindred spirit someone who took an irrevocable step on a matter of principle? In particular, they might have seen in him a man who recognized the natural tendency of governments to extend their control over citizens, usually in the name of national security.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbLet us not forget that the Founding Fathers repeatedly warned about the dangers of standing armies, which they rightly understood to be a perennial threat to liberty. Or that James Madison famously warned that no nation can remain free in a state of perpetual warfare, a sentiment that Barack Obama recently quoted but does not seem to have fully taken to heart. The Founders also gave Americans the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution because they understood that defending individual privacy against the grasp of government authority is an essential human right as well as an important safeguard of freedom.<\/em> […]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbSnowden may have broken the law, but so did the Founding Fathers when they issued that famous declaration 237 years ago. They did so in defiance of a powerful empire, just as Snowden did. The world is better off that they chose to defy the laws of their time, and Snowden’s idealistic act may leave us better off too. I suspect Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and the rest of those revolutionaries might have understood.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \n dedefensa.org<\/em><\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Salut des P\u00e8res Fondateurs \u00e0 Edward Snowden, l’un des leurs Le professeur Stephen M. Walt, qui se rendit fameux par la publication, avec John Mearsheimer, d’une \u00e9tude sur l’influence de l’AIPAC (lobby pro-isra\u00e9lien) sur la politique ext\u00e9rieure US, n’en est pas moins rest\u00e9 un membre \u00e9minent de l’establishment am\u00e9ricaniste. Le coup d’\u00e9clat de cette \u00e9tude… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[5575,4612,4345,3871,4611,12224,3121],"class_list":["post-75082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ouverture-libre","tag-day","tag-fondateurs","tag-independance","tag-nsa","tag-peres","tag-snowden","tag-walt"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75082"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75082\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}