{"id":75086,"date":"2013-07-08T05:39:33","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T05:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2013\/07\/08\/lempire-du-blowback\/"},"modified":"2013-07-08T05:39:33","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T05:39:33","slug":"lempire-du-blowback","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2013\/07\/08\/lempire-du-blowback\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;empire du <em>blowback<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><h3 class=\"titrebloc\">L&#8217;empire du <em>blowback<\/em><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tLa r\u00e9action g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, devant les actes arbitraires et brutaux des USA, c&rsquo;est bien d&rsquo;\u00e9prouver une crainte instinctive et de reconna\u00eetre malgr\u00e9 tout leur puissance imp\u00e9riale ; et, dans le m\u00eame mouvement, de songer \u00e0 baisser les bras&#8230; Nous croyons qu&rsquo;il y a beaucoup d&rsquo;effets de communication dans cette attitude provoqu\u00e9e, parce que les USA, \u00e0 cause de leur psychologie particuli\u00e8re (voir notamment notre <em>Glossaire.dde<\/em> du <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article-glossairedde_notre_psychologie_28_01_2013.html\" class=\"gen\">28 janvier 2013<\/a>), ne connaissent aucun contrainte dans leur attitude, qui laisserait entrevoir leur r\u00e9elle vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 ; arm\u00e9s de cette psychologie d&rsquo;inculpabilit\u00e9, ils se posent en pays respectueux de toutes les lois internationales selon une interpr\u00e9tation qui fait de toutes ces lois un moteur \u00e0 l&rsquo;avantage de leurs propres int\u00e9r\u00eats, et cela au nom de la vertu universelle qu&rsquo;ils pr\u00e9tendent repr\u00e9senter par \u00e9vidence originelle (voir aussi le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article-m_taphysique_de_la_psychologie_de_l_am_ricanisme-syst_me_07_05_2011.html\" class=\"gen\">5 mai 2011<\/a>). Cette esp\u00e8ce de certitude de vertu, et de la fermet\u00e9 inflexible d&rsquo;affirmation d&rsquo;une puissance n\u00e9cessairement vertueuse qui va avec, sont bien plus impressionnants pour les psychologies que toutes les armadas de l&rsquo;U.S. Navy et de l&rsquo;USAF dont le nombre et la puissance ne cessent de d\u00e9cro\u00eetre au rythme de la s\u00e9questration en plus du reste (voir le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article-mon_dieu_que_la_guerre_est_douteuse_03_06_2013.html\" class=\"gen\">3 juin 2013<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t&#8230;Mais l&rsquo;effet ne dure qu&rsquo;un temps limit\u00e9. Dans ce m\u00eame temps rapide et une fois dissip\u00e9e l&rsquo;impression initiale, certaines r\u00e9actions s&rsquo;affichent dans le sens contraire, de fermet\u00e9 et de r\u00e9silience. On veut parler ici, bien entendu, de l&rsquo;affaire Snowden, devenue la crise-Snowden, marqu\u00e9e ces dix derniers jours par deux interventions brutales des USA : un coup de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone imp\u00e9ratif et mena\u00e7ant du vice-pr\u00e9sident Joe Biden au pr\u00e9sident \u00e9quatorien Correa pour qu&rsquo;il abandonne ses projets de donner l&rsquo;asile politique \u00e0 Snowden, et les interventions de plusieurs pays europ\u00e9ens contre le vol du pr\u00e9sident bolivien Morales, intervention manipul\u00e9e par les services US (CIA, et aussi NSA certes). L&rsquo;<em>Observer<\/em> (le <em>Guardian<\/em>) du <a href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/world\/2013\/jul\/07\/us-attempts-block-snowden-bolster-case-asylum\" class=\"gen\">7 juillet 2013<\/a> rapporte quelques \u00e9l\u00e9ments de cette r\u00e9action de type-<em>blowback<\/em> (cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9gatives, en retour d&rsquo;actions brutales et arbitraires de la part des USA) <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab<em>Attempts by the US to close down intelligence whistleblower Edward Snowden&rsquo;s asylum options are strengthening his case to seek a safe harbour outside of Russia, legal experts claim. Snowden, who is believed to be in the transit area of Moscow&rsquo;s Sheremetyevo airport, has received provisional offers of asylum from Nicaragua and Venezuela, and last night Bolivia also offered him sanctuary. He has applied to at least six other countries, says the Wikileaks organisation providing legal support.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>Michael Bochenek, director of law and policy at Amnesty International, said the American government&rsquo;s actions were bolstering Snowden&rsquo;s case. He said claims that the US had sought to reroute the plane of Bolivia&rsquo;s president, Evo Morales, amid reports that the fugitive former analyst for the National Security Agency was on board, and suggestions that vice-president Joe Biden had phoned the Ecuadorean leader, Rafael Correa, to block asylum for Snowden, carried serious implications. Interfering with the right to seek asylum is a serious problem in international law, Bochenek said. It is further evidence that he [Snowden] has a well-founded fear of persecution. This will be relevant to any state when considering an application. International law says that somebody who fears persecution should not be returned to that country.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>Venezuela&rsquo;s extradition treaties with the US contain clauses that allow it to reject requests if it believes they are politically motivated. The country&rsquo;s president, Nicolas Maduro, has praised Snowden for being a young man who told the truth and has criticised European countries&rsquo; alleged role in the rerouting of Morales&rsquo;s plane last week . The European people have seen the cowardice and the weakness of their governments, which now look like colonies of the US, he said on Friday.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t Un autre aspect de cette r\u00e9silience, on le trouve dans le comportement de Glenn Greenwald, et m\u00eame du <em>Guardian<\/em> lui-m\u00eame. Greenwald, qui travaille sur le d\u00e9pouillement des documents du fonds Snowden, a pris le temps de r\u00e9diger avec deux journalistes br\u00e9siliens un article fracassant sur les surveillances dont les Br\u00e9siliens sont l&rsquo;objet de la part de la NSA, dans le journal <em>O Globo<\/em> de Rio de Janeiro. (N.B. : Greenwald r\u00e9side au Br\u00e9sil.) Le sujet est d\u00e9sormais classique, mais il fait toujours son effet, et il est assur\u00e9 qu&rsquo;il y aura des r\u00e9percussions au Br\u00e9sil m\u00eame et en Am\u00e9rique latine \u00e0 la suite de cet article, tout cela s&rsquo;alimentant \u00e9videmment \u00e0 la pol\u00e9mique autour du droit d&rsquo;asile \u00e0 accorder ou pas \u00e0 Snowden. Dans le <em>Guardian<\/em> (\u00e9dition <em>The Observer<\/em>) du <a href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/commentisfree\/2013\/jul\/07\/nsa-brazilians-globo-spying\" class=\"gen\">7 juillet 2013<\/a>, Greenwald, dans la rubrique qui lui est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e, dit quelques mots sur son article de <em>O Globo<\/em>. (Une traduction de l&rsquo;article en anglais, via Google, a \u00e9t\u00e9 <a href=\"http:\/\/translate.google.com.br\/translate?sl=pt&#038;tl=en&#038;js=n&#038;prev=_t&#038;hl=en&#038;ie=UTF-8&#038;u=http%3A%2F%2Foglobo.globo.com%2Fmundo%2Feua-espionaram-milhoes-de-mails-ligacoes-de-brasileiros-8940934&#038;act=url\" class=\"gen\">mise en ligne<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab<em>I&rsquo;ve written an article on NSA surveillance for the front page of the Sunday edition of O Globo, the large Brazilian newspaper based in Rio de Janeiro. The article is headlined (translated) US spied on millions of emails and calls of Brazilians, and I co-wrote it with Globo reporters Roberto Kaz and Jose Casado.<\/em> [&#8230;] <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>As the headline suggests, the crux of the main article details how the NSA has, for years, systematically tapped into the Brazilian telecommunication network and indiscriminately intercepted, collected and stored the email and telephone records of millions of Brazilians. The story follows an article in Der Spiegel last week, written by Laura Poitras and reporters from that paper, detailing the NSA&rsquo;s mass and indiscriminate collection of the electronic communications of millions of Germans. There are many more populations of non-adversarial countries which have been subjected to the same type of mass surveillance net by the NSA: indeed, the list of those which haven&rsquo;t been are shorter than those which have. The claim that any other nation is engaging in anything remotely approaching indiscriminate worldwide surveillance of this sort is baseless.<\/em> [&#8230;] [T]<em>he O Globo story will resonate greatly in Brazil and more broadly in Latin America, where most people had no idea that their electronic communications were being collected in bulk by this highly secretive US agency.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tDans le m\u00eame texte de l&rsquo;<em>Observer<\/em> o\u00f9 il rapporte son intervention br\u00e9silienne, Greenwald tient \u00e0 saluer le <em>Guardian<\/em> pour la fermet\u00e9 et l&rsquo;endurance avec lesquelles le quotidien d\u00e9veloppe la s\u00e9rie Snowden, malgr\u00e9 diverses interventions, pressions, etc. On a l\u00e0 une indication tr\u00e8s nette des effets de la crise Snowden sur le trio Snowden-Greenwald-<em>Guardian<\/em> : une incitation consid\u00e9rable \u00e0 poursuivre, \u00e0 accentuer l&rsquo;offensive, alors qu&rsquo;on aurait pu craindre le contraire avec des projets tr\u00e8s nets, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 US, d&rsquo;impliquer Greenwald, de le harceler, \u00e9ventuellement pire, et dans tous les cas de tenter de le s\u00e9parer de son support m\u00e9diatique. De ce c\u00f4t\u00e9, il ne fait aucun doute que l&rsquo;\u00e9chec est complet, l&rsquo;effet \u00e9tant exactement inverse.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab<em>One brief note on the Guardian is merited here: I&rsquo;ve been continuously amazed by how intrepid, fearless and committed the Guardian&rsquo;s editors have been in reporting these NSA stories as effectively and aggressively as possible. They have never flinched in reporting these stories, have spared no expense in pursuing them, have refused to allow vague and baseless government assertions to suppress any of the newsworthy revelations, have devoted extraordinary resources to ensure accuracy and potency, and have generally been animated by exactly the kind of adversarial journalistic ethos that has been all too lacking over the last decade or so&#8230;<\/em> [&#8230;] <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>I don&rsquo;t need to say any of this, but do so only because it&rsquo;s so true and impressive: they deserve a lot of credit for the impact these stories have had. To underscore that: because we&rsquo;re currently working on so many articles involving NSA domestic spying, it would have been weeks, at least, before we would have been able to publish this story about indiscriminate NSA surveillance of Brazilians. Rather than sit on such a newsworthy story  especially at a time when Latin America, for several reasons, is so focused on these revelations &#8211; they were enthused about my partnering with O Globo, where it could produce the most impact. In other words, they sacrificed short-term competitive advantage for the sake of the story by encouraging me to write this story with O Globo. I don&rsquo;t think many media outlets would have made that choice, but that&rsquo;s the kind of journalistic virtue that has driven the paper&rsquo;s editors from the start of this story.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tIl faut ajouter aussit\u00f4t qu&rsquo;il y a un argument de poids. La crise-Snowden est, pour le <em>Guardian<\/em>, un fantastique outil de promotion, sans commune mesure, par exemple, avec l&rsquo;affaire <em>Wikileaks<\/em> o\u00f9 le <MI>Guardian n&rsquo;avait pas l&rsquo;exclusivit\u00e9, o\u00f9 l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e9tait moindre et o\u00f9 les rapports entre le <em>Guardian<\/em> et Assange s&rsquo;\u00e9taient rapidement d\u00e9grad\u00e9s. Dans la situation actuelle, Greenwald joue un r\u00f4le essentiel de coordinateur et il semble compl\u00e8tement suivi par le <em>Guardian<\/em>. Les r\u00e9sultats sont exceptionnels, particuli\u00e8rement aux USA. <em>The Atlantic<\/em> a publi\u00e9 un article, le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/national\/archive\/2013\/07\/the-british-are-coming-and-theyve-brought-newspapers\/277486\/\" class=\"gen\">5 juillet 2013<\/a> o\u00f9 est d\u00e9taill\u00e9 l&rsquo;aspect US de l&rsquo;aventure, avec la perspective d&rsquo;investissements importants du <em>Guardian<\/em> aux USA, \u00e0 partir des r\u00e9sultats enregistr\u00e9s depuis un mois avec la crise-Snowden, en audience, en influence, en b\u00e9n\u00e9fice, etc. Deux paragraphes de l&rsquo;article de <em>The Atlantic<\/em> donne une mesure de l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re&#8230; <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00ab<em>The number one spot has been occupied since last January by the Mail Online, an industrial-sized feedbag of celebrity titillation and gossip, with a ComScore rating of 50.2 million monthly unique visitors worldwide for May. Currently in at number two is The New York Times, with 46.2 million. Snapping at its heels is The Guardian: it had 40.9 million last month.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\t\u00bb<em>That was before Edward Snowden arrived on the scene. Figures given exclusively to The Atlantic show that  according to internal analytics  June 10, the day after Snowden revealed his identity on The Guardian&rsquo;s website, was the biggest traffic day in their history, with an astonishing 6.97 million unique browsers. Within a week of publishing the NSA files, The Guardian website has seen a 41 percent increase in U.S. desktop unique visitors (IP addresses loading the desktop site) and a 66 percent rise in mobile traffic. On June 10, for the first time in the paper&rsquo;s history, their U.S. traffic was higher than their UK traffic.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tC&rsquo;est une occurrence tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressante, o\u00f9 le succ\u00e8s commercial vient \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une posture antiSyst\u00e8me tr\u00e8s s\u00e9rieuse pour la premi\u00e8re fois adopt\u00e9 par le <em>Guardian<\/em> directement contre la puissance centrale du Syst\u00e8me, le cur de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Nationale US. Il n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas du tout assur\u00e9, \u00e0 notre estime, que le <em>Guardian<\/em> suive Greenwald, sinon jusqu&rsquo;au bout, du moins aussi loin qu&rsquo;il a \u00e9t\u00e9, et en ajustant sa strat\u00e9gie \u00e9ditoriale aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements les plus susceptibles d&rsquo;avoir un retentissement antiSyst\u00e8me (le <em>Spiegel<\/em> \u00e0 quelques jours des n\u00e9gociations du march\u00e9 transatlantique, l&rsquo;article d&rsquo;<em>O Globo<\/em>, au milieu d&rsquo;un continent sud-am\u00e9ricain furieux de l&rsquo;affaire Morales&#8230;). Il n&rsquo;est d&rsquo;ailleurs nullement impossible que l&rsquo;enthousiasme montr\u00e9 par Greenwald dans ses colonnes, pour le journal auquel il collabore, soit une fa\u00e7on habile pour lui d&rsquo;affirmer la confirmation publique du soutien que lui apporte le <em>Guardian<\/em> dans son entreprise, et de la verrouiller par cons\u00e9quent. C&rsquo;est un point important, parce qu&rsquo;il semble de plus en plus \u00e9vident que Greenwald a un plan s\u00e9rieux, \u00e0 long terme, pour l&rsquo;exploitation du fonds Snowden, qu&rsquo;il entend donc d\u00e9ployer toute une strat\u00e9gie contre l&rsquo;ensemble de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale washingtonien. Pour cela, il a besoin du soutien puissant et sans r\u00e9serve du <em>Guardian<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\tDe son c\u00f4t\u00e9, le <em>Guardian<\/em>, semi-pseudo-dissident (ou pseudo-semi dissident, c&rsquo;est selon), et toujours un pied dans l&rsquo;<em>establishment<\/em>, est \u00e9videmment emport\u00e9 par le succ\u00e8s, aussi bien sinon plus que par ses choix id\u00e9ologiques qui sont aujourd&rsquo;hui, avec cette affaire, nettement plus marqu\u00e9s qu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;habitude. Les lois du march\u00e9 si ch\u00e9ries \u00e0 Washington concourent donc pour une part non n\u00e9gligeable \u00e0 alimenter la machinerie lanc\u00e9e contre Washington et les structures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de surveillance du Syst\u00e8me,  et l&rsquo;on prendra un moment ou l&rsquo;autre pour go\u00fbter l&rsquo;ironie. Dans ce cas, les pressions qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exerc\u00e9es sur le <em>Guardian<\/em> pour qu&rsquo;il mette une sourdine dans cette affaire ont d\u00fb susciter l&rsquo;effet contraire \u00e0 celui que les auteurs esp\u00e9raient : au plus les pressions \u00e9taient fortes, au plus le <em>Guardian<\/em> tenait et ripostait,  et cette m\u00eame situation peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre d\u00e9clin\u00e9e au pr\u00e9sent. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une remarquable effet <em>blowback<\/em>&#8230; Dans cette complexit\u00e9 des arguments et des emportements divers, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire dans une affaire qui ne r\u00e9pond plus \u00e0 une seule logique, il se pourrait que l&rsquo;on aille vraiment tr\u00e8s loin dans l&rsquo;attaque contre le centre washingtonien. Dans ce cas, l&rsquo;attitude du <em>Guardian<\/em>, qui deviendrait par simple d\u00e9placement des effets splendidement antiSyst\u00e8me, est une illustration de plus, tr\u00e8s s\u00e9duisante d&rsquo;ailleurs, de l&rsquo;immense chaos qu&rsquo;est devenue la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 du monde, section bloc BAO.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><p>\tMis en ligne le 8 juillet 2013 \u00e0 05H39<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;empire du blowback La r\u00e9action g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, devant les actes arbitraires et brutaux des USA, c&rsquo;est bien d&rsquo;\u00e9prouver une crainte instinctive et de reconna\u00eetre malgr\u00e9 tout leur puissance imp\u00e9riale ; et, dans le m\u00eame mouvement, de songer \u00e0 baisser les bras&#8230; Nous croyons qu&rsquo;il y a beaucoup d&rsquo;effets de communication dans cette attitude provoqu\u00e9e, parce que&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[2947,12229,1235,5264,3677,12273,6944,3659,3313,4901,3871,12274,4607,12224,3305],"class_list":["post-75086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bloc-notes","tag-amerique","tag-asile","tag-biden","tag-blowback","tag-bresil","tag-correa","tag-greenwald","tag-guardian","tag-latine","tag-morales","tag-nsa","tag-over-reaction","tag-politique","tag-snowden","tag-venezuela"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75086\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}