\tCet article de Bassem Sabry, commentateur \u00e9gyptien, pour le site Al-Monitor<\/em>, ce 5 ao\u00fbt 2013<\/a>, d\u00e9crit le seul sentiment commun \u00e0 toutes les factions de ce pays d\u00e9chir\u00e9 et au bord de la guerre civile : l’antiam\u00e9ricanisme … Et ce terme, pris dans son sens exact, c’est-\u00e0-dire l’hostilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’am\u00e9ricanisme en tant qu’\u00e9manation au sens le plus large de la direction politique washingtonienne. C’est ainsi que conclut Sabry : \u00abVirtually everyone I have ever met in a demonstration carrying an anti-Obama sign told me his problem was with the US government, not the American people.<\/em>\u00bb (Cela n’est d’ailleurs pas une position de forme, comme on a pu le voir lors des manifestations de Madison, dans le Wisconsin, au d\u00e9but de 2011, alors que la r\u00e9volution de la place Tahrir battait son plein. La population \u00e9gyptienne affirma plus d’une fois sa solidarit\u00e9 avec les gens de Madison, qui le lui rendirent d’ailleurs fort bien [voir le 17 f\u00e9vrier 2011<\/a> et le 18 f\u00e9vrier 2011<\/a>].)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tIl s’agit donc de la politique am\u00e9ricaniste, qui se voudrait habile en jouant sur tous les tableaux, d’une fa\u00e7on d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e jusqu’\u00e0 \u00eatre grotesque, qui distribue les divers pr\u00e9bendes de tous les c\u00f4t\u00e9s, qui clame d\u00e9mocratie ! et qui s’interroge comme Hamlet autour de la d\u00e9finition de coup<\/em> (coup d’\u00c9tat). (La tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cente visite du duo McCain-Lindsay Graham au Caire pour aider (!) \u00e0 la r\u00e9solution de la situation a eu comme effet classique et attendu de d\u00e9clencher une vague de protestation contre les d\u00e9clarations des deux s\u00e9nateurs, notamment McCain, consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme une ing\u00e9rence dans les affaires int\u00e9rieures \u00e9gyptiennes [voir \t\u00abMore than ever, Egyptians are now divided over everything. They are divided on being pro-Sisi, pro-Morsi or pro-neither. They are divided on the coup vs. revolution debate, on the usage of force against sit-ins, on how the political process should move forward, on who really to blame for the violence and bloodshed in the country. The list goes on. But one thing they are all united on: US Ambassador Anne Patterson must leave, and American interference in Egypt has had a negative impact.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbIn fact, even the suggested new ambassador, former Syria envoy Robert Ford, is already the subject of a mounting popular rejection campaign, being seen as the man who divided Syria and created the Free Syrian Army to destroy the country, as a common refrain goes. Those behind the campaign think either Ford is being sent to Egypt to turn it into another Syria, or that he’s just not the right man for the job. Other than Patterson, everyone hates Obama as well. There’s even a new, and quite peculiar song, about that.<\/em> <\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbMany in the opposition have often made a point of using varyingly harsh rhetoric regarding the United States, whether it was the Islamists during the Mubarak era or the secularists under Mohammed Morsi. A number of independent secularist figures, as well as members of the National Salvation Front (NSF), the liberal and leftist alliance, publicly shunned meeting with US representatives. They increasingly spoke of the Brotherhood as allies in close contact with the US as if that were an insult by definition, and brandished such actions as signs of patriotism and nationalism. Over time, it became normal for a political figure or group to be negatively branded or accused of having met with Anne Patterson, as a self-evident crime, as if political groups and figures are not expected to meet with ambassadors, let alone the ambassador of the only superpower remaining in the world.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbResearch and polls have shown a steady decline in favorable attitudes in Egypt toward the US. In 2008, George W. Bush’s last year as president, a Pew poll showed that only 22% of Egyptians had a favorable view of the US, down from 30% in 2006. The number slightly grew to 27% after Obama took office, only to decline in early 2013 to 16%. Confidence in Obama dropped from 42% in 2009 to 26% in early 2013, with 72% having no confidence in the American president.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbIn early 2013, only 24% of Egyptians saw the relationship with the US to be of some importance, while a whopping 69% saw it to be of little to no importance. Even perhaps more remarkably, the same early 2013 poll indicated that 55% saw US economic aid to Egypt to be of mostly negative impact. Similarly, 58% saw the military aid to be of mostly negative impact, 28% saw no impact and only 10% saw it to be of mostly positive impact. The poll also showed that those voting for secularists and liberals are more likely to have a positive view of American economic aid to Egypt. One month after June 30, the numbers are likely to have worsened…<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \tBassem Sabry essaie ensuite d’expliquer la cause de ce sentiment si g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, si fortement implant\u00e9, si r\u00e9pandu qu’il en devient lien commun. Divers arguments sont avanc\u00e9s, et sans doute ont-ils tous quelque chose d’un peu de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9. Enfin Sabry termine par ses propres explications. Il ne cache pas qu’elles rel\u00e8vent du clich\u00e9, mais comment faire autrement ? En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, le vraie probl\u00e8me de la politique \u00e9gyptienne de Washington, ce n’est ni la politique, ni l’\u00c9gypte, mais Washington soi-m\u00eame, en majest\u00e9, en complet autisme<\/a> psychologique, en compl\u00e8te inculpabilit\u00e9-ind\u00e9fectibilit\u00e9<\/a> et le reste… Par cons\u00e9quent, ultime recommandation de Sabry : il faut que Washington conduire une appr\u00e9ciation critique profonde de sa politique US ; effectivement : \u00abAny policy that makes a deeply divided country only unite around hatred for you is quite an utterly unsuccessful one.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00abIn my opinion, the deeper direct causes are actually the almost clich\u00e9 answers that many have given in previous discussions. Egypt remains, even with what appears to be newly rising nationalism, a strongly pan-Islamic and pan-Arab country. For example, the war in Iraq and the destruction that ensued (and continues to ensue) have left a strong scar on how Egyptians see the US. Every car bomb that explodes in Baghdad and makes it to the news rekindles that anger, and reignites the blood oil discussions. The most profound reason for anger and dislike comes from US policy on the Arab-Israeli conflict a conflict with strong national, cultural, political and religious significance. Particularly, a profound reason for discontent has been what is seen as an unfair and disproportionate amount of support that Israel gets from the US. For most Egyptians, the US isn’t a balanced mediator of the conflict; it is willing to allow Israel to continuously change the facts of the situation on the ground to its favor, and allow Israel get away with violence against Palestinians.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n \t\u00bbClearly, the deteriorating US public image in Egypt is not something that can be fixed overnight, but the long process toward some rectification can nonetheless begin now. The first step would be for the US to conduct a thorough review of its policy on Egypt. Any policy that makes a deeply divided country only unite around hatred for you is quite an utterly unsuccessful one…<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \n dedefensa.org<\/em><\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Une seule chose unit les \u00c9gyptiens : l’antiam\u00e9ricanisme Cet article de Bassem Sabry, commentateur \u00e9gyptien, pour le site Al-Monitor, ce 5 ao\u00fbt 2013, d\u00e9crit le seul sentiment commun \u00e0 toutes les factions de ce pays d\u00e9chir\u00e9 et au bord de la guerre civile : l’antiam\u00e9ricanisme … Et ce terme, pris dans son sens exact, c’est-\u00e0-dire… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[3936,6911,5067,9550,5370,3634,9725,6208,12269,3178,12347,12319,12346],"class_list":["post-75141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ouverture-libre","tag-al","tag-arabe","tag-autisme","tag-egypte","tag-impopularite","tag-inculpabilite","tag-monitor","tag-obama","tag-patterson","tag-printemps","tag-sabry","tag-sisi","tag-sissi"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75141\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}