{"id":75846,"date":"2015-04-04T16:06:40","date_gmt":"2015-04-04T16:06:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2015\/04\/04\/debacle-us-en-asie-le-tpp-apres-laiib\/"},"modified":"2015-04-04T16:06:40","modified_gmt":"2015-04-04T16:06:40","slug":"debacle-us-en-asie-le-tpp-apres-laiib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2015\/04\/04\/debacle-us-en-asie-le-tpp-apres-laiib\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9b\u00e2cle US en Asie : le TPP apr\u00e8s l’AIIB ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00e9b\u00e2cle US en Asie : le TPP apr\u00e8s l’AIIB ?<\/h4>\n

Alors qu’ils sont en train d’essuyer \u00e0 grand-peine les plaies et les pl\u00e2tres cons\u00e9cutifs \u00e0 l’\u00e9norme d\u00e9b\u00e2cle subie avec la banque d’investissement AIIB lanc\u00e9e par la Chine, les USA se trouvent devant la probabilit\u00e9 d’une nouvelle d\u00e9b\u00e2cle sur le m\u00eame th\u00e9\u00e2tre de l’Asie-Pacifique. Elle concerne le sort du grand trait\u00e9 de soi-disant libre-\u00e9change Trans-Pacific Treaty<\/em> (TPP) qu’ils essaient d’imposer \u00e0 l’ensemble Pacifique-Asie, c’est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 un ensemble de pays dont la Chine est soigneusement exclue (l’Australie, le Brunei, le Canada, le Chili, le Japon, la Malaisie, le Mexique, la Nouvelle Z\u00e9lande, le P\u00e9rou, Singapour, les USA et le Vietnam).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tL’int\u00e9r\u00eat de ce qui appara\u00eet \u00eatre un blocage emp\u00eachant la conclusion des n\u00e9gociations pour la troisi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e de suite est qu’il ne concerne pas le contenu du trait\u00e9, mais bien le fonctionnement du pouvoir aux USA. Nombre de pays, dont le Canada et le Japon, refusent de boucler un accord si le pr\u00e9sident n’obtient pas le vote par le Congr\u00e8s de la loi Trade Promotion Authority<\/em> (TPA), qui est une version sp\u00e9ciale pour le TPP de la Fast-Track Authority<\/em> requise en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral par un pr\u00e9sident pour n\u00e9gocier et conclure un trait\u00e9. (Il s’agit d’une loi qui affirme l’accord du Congr\u00e8s de ne voter que par oui ou par non lorsque le trait\u00e9 lui sera pr\u00e9sent\u00e9, et de se priver du droit d’introduire des amendements.) Une telle possibilit\u00e9 d’obtenir la TPA semble impossible pour 2015, encore plus pour 2016 (l’ann\u00e9e de l’\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle) et ainsi de suite. Il s’agit encore d’un avatar du conflit absolument paralysant \u00e0 Washington entre l’ex\u00e9cutif et le l\u00e9gislatif, entre le pr\u00e9sident d\u00e9mocrate et ha\u00ef des r\u00e9publicains, et le Congr\u00e8s r\u00e9publicain. (Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 du TTIP transatlantique, \u00e9galement en n\u00e9gociation, l’UE s’est-elle aper\u00e7ue de quelque chose \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard ? Nous-m\u00eames avions soulign\u00e9 cet obstacle fondamental de la FTA [voir les 10 janvier 2014<\/a> et 1er f\u00e9vrier 2014<\/a>]… [Sur le TTIP, voir Jacques Sapir, ce 4 avril 2015<\/a>.])<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\tOn a une confirmation de plus que la paralysie-impuissance du pouvoir washingtonien constitue l’une des facettes les plus impressionnantes et les plus efficaces de la d\u00e9cadence-d\u00e9sint\u00e9gration de la puissance US. Le site WSWS.org<\/em> du 4 avril 2015<\/a> donne un compte-rendu de la situation actuelle des n\u00e9gociations, dont nous extrayons les passages concernant ce blocage.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00abHaving suffered a decisive defeat on its efforts to block other countries from joining the new China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the US government faces mounting difficulties with its most far-reaching move to dominate the Asia-Pacific region: the so-called Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbIn Hawaii last month, the latest round of five-year-long TPP talks between the 12 governments involved broke up without any further agreement. For the third year in a row, the White House’s deadline for a final deal looks set to be breached in 2015. Significantly, the main reported stumbling block this time was not ongoing differences between the US and Japan over auto and agricultural markets, but doubts over President Barack Obama’s capacity to get congressional approval to sign off on the pact.<\/em> […]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bb…The willingness of many of these countries to make the required concessions to the US has been undermined by Obama’s failure to secure support for a Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) bill, so that he can sign the TPP and then have it ratified by Congress with a single yes or no vote. Without TPA, Congress could force amendments to the negotiated pact, effectively rendering the agreement void. According to a Japan Times report: Several negotiating partners, including Canada and Japan, have publicly stated they will not put their final negotiating positions on the table until Congress grants TPA for the Obama administration. With a presidential election looming in the United States, further delay creates a real risk of TPP being delayed until 2017.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\t\u00bbMuch of the US congressional resistance is bound up with protectionist lobbies, based on national-based industries and their trade unions…<\/em>\u00bb <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tMis en ligne le 4 avril 2015 \u00e0 16H05<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00e9b\u00e2cle US en Asie : le TPP apr\u00e8s l’AIIB ? Alors qu’ils sont en train d’essuyer \u00e0 grand-peine les plaies et les pl\u00e2tres cons\u00e9cutifs \u00e0 l’\u00e9norme d\u00e9b\u00e2cle subie avec la banque d’investissement AIIB lanc\u00e9e par la Chine, les USA se trouvent devant la probabilit\u00e9 d’une nouvelle d\u00e9b\u00e2cle sur le m\u00eame th\u00e9\u00e2tre de l’Asie-Pacifique. Elle concerne… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[5994,3977,3285,3336,3557,6297,16532,12708,12709],"class_list":["post-75846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breves-de-crise","tag-asie","tag-chine","tag-congres","tag-fast","tag-libre-echange","tag-pacifique","tag-tpa","tag-tpp","tag-ttip"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75846\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}