{"id":78839,"date":"2019-09-08T21:01:32","date_gmt":"2019-09-08T21:01:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2019\/09\/08\/b-52-lazare-nous-eclaire\/"},"modified":"2019-09-08T21:01:32","modified_gmt":"2019-09-08T21:01:32","slug":"b-52-lazare-nous-eclaire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/2019\/09\/08\/b-52-lazare-nous-eclaire\/","title":{"rendered":"B-52\u00a0: Lazare nous \u00e9claire"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><h2 class=\"titleset_a.deepgreen\" style=\"color:#75714d; font-size:2em\">B-52 : Lazare nous \u00e9claire<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pour cette fois et \u00e0 propos du B-52, il ne sera pas question des torrents de bombes que cet aimable mastodonte est capable de d\u00e9verser. Il faut lire le texte ci-dessous <strong>en ayant \u00e0 l&rsquo;esprit celui que nous mettions en ligne <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article\/larrogance-comme-certitude\">le 5 septembre<\/a>, sur Boeing et la catastrophique aventure du 737MAX<\/strong>.  Les remarques que cette aventure nous sugg\u00e9raient ont tout \u00e0 voir avec l&rsquo;effondrement du technologisme qui frappe toutes les industries qui en d\u00e9pendent, et par cons\u00e9quent la d\u00e9cadence acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e de Boeing compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9montr\u00e9e par la fa\u00e7on dont cette \u00e9norme soci\u00e9t\u00e9 ma&icirc;trise (?) la crise, en jetant des seaux de carburant hautement combustible sur l&rsquo;incendie&#8230; Ainsi \u00e9crivions-nous :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&laquo; <em>Comme l&rsquo;observe notre lecteur, \u00ab\u00a0Il y a un petit quelque chose de JSFien dans cette autre histoire d&rsquo;aviation, je trouve\u00a0\u00bb. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;\u00e9vidence m\u00eame et c&rsquo;est, par ailleurs, de la pure logique des encha&icirc;nements dans la mesure o&ugrave; <strong>le courant d&rsquo;effondrement du technologisme affecte toutes les choses qui en sont les plus d\u00e9pendantes, en m\u00eame temps que les producteurs<\/strong>, install\u00e9s le plus souvent sur une r\u00e9putation justifi\u00e9e par les temps-jadis, qui s&rsquo;est transform\u00e9e au go&ucirc;t du jour en montagnes de $milliards, de corruption et de laisser-faire\/laisser-aller. Ce que r\u00e9v\u00e8le la crise du 737MAX, c&rsquo;est la chute de la valeur et des capacit\u00e9s de Boeing, qui fut certainement l&rsquo;un des plus talentueux producteurs au monde d&rsquo;avions lourds, civils et militaires, sans aucun doute jusqu&rsquo;aux ann\u00e9es 1970-1980 ; depuis, la chute effectivement, <strong>en oubliant le parachute puisqu&rsquo;on n&rsquo;imagine pas une seconde que l&rsquo;on puisse chuter<\/strong><\/em>&#8230; &raquo;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&#8230; Or, il se trouve que, parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 cette chute, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements courants nous permettent d&rsquo;observer un contre-exemple qui nous montre <strong>le chemin parcouru dans le sens de l&rsquo;inversion<\/strong>. Il s&rsquo;agit du B-52, ce bombardier qui fut produit entre 1952 et 1962 et dont le trait\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique entre les USA et l&rsquo;URSS fixa le plafond d&rsquo;exemplaires en service \u00e0 76. En 2014 et en 2016, deux B-52 furent d\u00e9truits dans des accidents de routine, l&rsquo;un par un incendie provoqu\u00e9 lors d&rsquo;un entretien du syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique, l&rsquo;autre lors d&rsquo;un d\u00e9collage. Ces deux exemplaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9s (en 2015 pour le premier, en mai 2019 pour le second), pour retrouver le plafond des 76, par deux B-52 entrepos\u00e9s sur le \u00ab\u00a0cimeti\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb de la base de Davis-Monthan, dans l&rsquo;Arizona, o&ugrave; plusieurs milliers d&rsquo;avions des forces arm\u00e9es US (les quatre armes) d\u00e9barrass\u00e9s de leur armement, de leurs syst\u00e8mes, parfois de leurs moteurs et souvent \u00ab\u00a0emball\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb dans des mati\u00e8res protectrices.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Ces op\u00e9rations ont co&ucirc;t\u00e9 de l&rsquo;argent, et portant sur des avions qui ont d\u00e9pass\u00e9 le demi-si\u00e8cle de leur existence. L&rsquo;USAF ne ferait pas \u00e7a pour un B-1 (il y en a une trentaine \u00e0 Davis-Monthan) ni pour un B-2 (il n&rsquo;y en a plus, le moule est perdu). En m\u00eame temps que tout cela se passait, en 2018, l&rsquo;USAF a annonc\u00e9 qu&rsquo;elle retirerait ses super-bombardiers, &ndash; 62 B-1 et 20 B-2 plus jeunes de 22-30 ans que les B-52, &ndash;<strong>dans les ann\u00e9es 2030 au lieu d&rsquo;aller jusqu&rsquo;aux ann\u00e9es 2050<\/strong>. Parall\u00e8lement, la vie op\u00e9rationnelle des B-52 sera <strong>prolong\u00e9e jusqu&rsquo;aux ann\u00e9es 2050, soit pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un si\u00e8cle de vie op\u00e9rationnelle<\/strong>.  La cause, ou plut\u00f4t une des tr\u00e8s-nombreuses causes : le maintien en service des 72 B-1 et B-2 jusqu&rsquo;aux ann\u00e9es 2050 co&ucirc;terait $38,5 milliards ; pour les B-52, ce sera $22 milliards, dont des nouveaux moteurs qui feront \u00e9conomiser $10 milliards en entretien et en consommation.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Maintenant, quelques autres points :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&bull; Les B-52 ont une disponibilit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle de 60% (60% de leur temps en op\u00e9ration) ; 40% pour le B-1, 35% pour le B-2 ;<\/p>\n<p>&bull; Une heure de vol du B-52 co&ucirc;te $70 000, une heure de vol du B-2 se n\u00e9gocie autour de $150 000 ;<\/p>\n<p>&bull; Les B-1 et les B-2 ont tr\u00e8s peu de place pour des modifications importantes, \u00e9tant des avions tr\u00e8s avanc\u00e9s, dits \u00ab\u00a0plaqu\u00e9s-or\u00a0\u00bb, qui utilisent des mat\u00e9riaux et des syst\u00e8mes tr\u00e8s rares et tr\u00e8s couteux, dans un espaces limit\u00e9, exactement ajust\u00e9 pour eux. Le B-52, en vieil aluminium, disposait d&rsquo;une place libre consid\u00e9rable au d\u00e9part de sa vie active et on a pu ainsi le moderniser de toutes les fa\u00e7ons durant ces six d\u00e9cennies de service ;<\/p>\n<p>&bull; Les B-1 et les B-2 sont \u00e9galement tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9s pour des changements internes par la disparition de nombreuses pi\u00e8ces de technologies avanc\u00e9es qui sont tr\u00e8s vite remplac\u00e9es par de nouvelles technologies encore plus avanc\u00e9es. <strong>Le B-52 ignore<\/strong> ce genre de d\u00e9tails ;<\/p>\n<p>&bull; Le fabuleux B-2 doit subir une r\u00e9vision compl\u00e8te d&rsquo;une ann\u00e9e tous les sept ans, au prix de $60 millions. <strong>Le B-52 ricane<\/strong> ;<\/p>\n<p>&bull; Le B-52 est tr\u00e8s flexible et peut remplir un tr\u00e8s grand nombre de missions ; les deux autres types sont limit\u00e9s par leurs technologies \u00ab\u00a0pointues\u00a0\u00bb qui n&rsquo;autorisent qu&rsquo;une s\u00e9rie tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9e de missions.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>&#8230; <strong>Et ainsi de suite<\/strong>. Il existe d\u00e9sormais un pilote du B-52 de 1952-1962 dont le fils est devenu pilote de B-52 pendant son temps de service, et dont le petit-fils est actuellement pilote de B-52. <strong>Cet avion vivra sans doute 100 ans, tandis que les merveilles qui lui ont succ\u00e9d\u00e9es seront mises \u00e0 l&rsquo;asile des catastrophes plus ou moins dissimul\u00e9es<\/strong>. (Il faut noter que la situation n&rsquo;est pas si diff\u00e9rente en Russie, o&ugrave; l&rsquo;on garde une grande confiance dans <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article\/le-cas-du-tu-95\">le Tu-95<\/a>, contemporain du B-52.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>M\u00eame si l&rsquo;avion et surtout son usage peuvent appara&icirc;tre le contraire de l&rsquo;exemplaire \u00e0 beaucoup d&rsquo;esprits, son histoire et sa situation par rapport \u00e0 ses \u00ab\u00a0successeurs\u00a0\u00bb qui deviennent des handicap\u00e9s sont absolument <strong>exemplaires de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution du technologisme durant les derniers trois-quarts de si\u00e8cle<\/strong>, et parall\u00e8lement, du niveau de professionnalisme et de qualit\u00e9 du jugement et du comportement des producteurs de choses technologiques avanc\u00e9es pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es dans les situations extr\u00eames de conflit. Que ce soit essentiellement le fait de l&rsquo;invasion des financiers \u00e0 la place des ing\u00e9nieurs chez Boeing, il reste que l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9 est <strong>exemplaire et symbolique \u00e0 la fois de la d\u00e9pravation et de l&rsquo;inversion <\/strong>qui touchent les comportements et les conceptions ce ceux qui suivent le flux du technologisme, qui sont d\u00e9bord\u00e9s par lui, entra&icirc;n\u00e9s par lui, d&rsquo;ailleurs dans la plus compl\u00e8te inconscience tant que l&rsquo;action Boeing ne chute pas trop (ce qu&rsquo;elle est tout de m\u00eame en train de faire par \u00e0-coups). Derri\u00e8re la question technique, il y a <strong>une dimension morale dans ces destins tels qu&rsquo;on peut les observe<\/strong>r ; et il s&rsquo;agit sans aucun doute d&rsquo;une morale qui a \u00e0 voir <strong>avec la m\u00e9taphysique, dans le flux de la m\u00e9tahistoire<\/strong>, et nullement avec les \u00ab\u00a0valeurs\u00a0\u00bb dont se gargarisent les <em>sapiens sapiens<\/em>, en guise de feuille de vigne comme farouche gardienne de leurs vertus.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><p>Bien entendu, le Pentagone, cette impeccable m\u00e9canique, n&rsquo;a strictement rien compris \u00e0 ce qu&rsquo;il fait lui-m\u00eame en retapant ses B-52. Pour remplacer ces catastrophes que sont les B-1 et B-2, et plus tard les B-52 \u00e0 qui l&rsquo;on peut difficilement demander de tenir un deuxi\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, <strong>il fait d\u00e9velopper en secret <\/strong>un nouveau bombardier (le B-21 <em>Raider<\/em>) depuis 2015. Il pr\u00e9voit <strong>$55 milliards pour 100 exemplaires<\/strong>. En 1980, lorsqu&rsquo;on d\u00e9couvrit l&rsquo;existence du B-2 <strong>d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en secret depuis 1976, l&rsquo;USAF nous promettait 132 exemplaires \u00e0 $180 millions <\/strong>l&rsquo;exemplaire ; on a termin\u00e9 avec <strong>21 exemplaires \u00e0 $2,4 milliards l&rsquo;exemplaire<\/strong>, &ndash; selon les estimations <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article\/le-b-2-et-la-psychologie-de-la-modernite\">les plus basses<\/a>. On attend donc avec int\u00e9r\u00eat la saga du B-21, pendant que les B-52 continueront \u00e0 voler, puisque bon sang ne saurait mentir \u00e0 l&rsquo;heure de la diversit\u00e9 triomphante \u00e0 laquelle est si sensible le Pentagone, alias <em>Moby Dick<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><p>Ci-dessous, sous le titre &laquo; <em>Le B-52 tel que Lazare<\/em> &raquo;, on trouve la version originale du texte (du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pogo.org\/analysis\/2019\/06\/the-b-52-as-lazarus\/\">12 juin 2019<\/a>) sur l&rsquo;aventure des B-52, texte de Mark Thompson, du groupe POGO de surveillance des comportements et de la gestion des diverses puissances aux USA, &ndash; de la puissance publique aux puissances d&rsquo;argent. (Comme l&rsquo;on sait, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article\/notes-sur-lincontrolablemonstre-jsf\">POGO<\/a> est certainement le meilleur sp\u00e9cialiste ind\u00e9pendant du programme <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dedefensa.org\/article\/f-35-far-far-from-ready\">JSF\/F-35<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4><em>dedefensa.org<\/em><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>_________________________<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2 class=\"titleset_b.deepgreen\" style=\"color:#75714d; font-size:1.65em; font-variant:small-caps\">The B-52 as Lazarus<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>The B-52 bomber is so huge it takes eight engines to lift it off the ground, along with a pair of outrigger wheels to make sure its wingtips don&rsquo;t scrape the runway as it takes off. So how is it that this lumbering beast is turning stealthy and disappearing from the Air Force&rsquo;s Arizona boneyard, where thousands of warplanes go to die?<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Fact is, a pair of B-52 Stratofortresses, which came off the assembly line during the Kennedy Administration, have been roused from their well-deserved retirement. The first left Davis-Monthan Air Force Base in 2015, and the second on May 14, to return to active duty, joining other B-52s still in service. Despite their advanced age, B-52s continue to contribute: They&rsquo;ve recently been dispatched to the Middle East  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2019\/05\/13\/b-52-bombers-f-15-fighters-fly-first-deterrence-sorties-pointed-at-iran\/\">to deter Iran<\/a>.  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/your-air-force\/2019\/03\/19\/b-52-bombers-are-flying-near-russian-and-chinese-waters-this-month\/\">They&rsquo;ve been flying<\/a>  out of Guam&mdash;within striking distance of China&mdash;for more than a decade. They&rsquo;ve been buzzing the Baltic Sea near Russia as well.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>The bombers&mdash;just like the Russian Tu-95 bombers  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/05\/21\/politics\/russian-bombers-alaska-intercept\/index.html\">probing air space near Alaska<\/a>  in May&mdash;prowl the world&rsquo;s skies, asserting a nation&rsquo;s interest in what is happening below. They make for a double-edged sword: reassuring to allies but fraught with the possibility that a mistake could lead to war. Just as importantly, the B-52 highlights the continuing and costly U.S. reliance on a nuclear \u00ab\u00a0triad\u00a0\u00bb made up of bombers, and of missiles fired from land and submarines. That Cold War trio is  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/publication\/54914\">slated to cost $494 billion<\/a>  between 2019 and 2028, within spitting distance of a half-trillion dollars. It&rsquo;s also 23 percent higher than the $400 billion the Congressional Budget Office estimated it would cost from 2017 to 2026.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Boeing  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boeing.com\/history\/products\/b-52-stratofortress.page\">churned out<\/a>  744 B-52s at plants in Seattle, Washington, and Wichita, Kansas, over 10 years beginning in 1952. It is an investment that has paid off. The bomber  <a href=\"http:\/\/www.asee-prism.org\/icon-of-the-air-dec\/\">was built<\/a>  with plenty of extra space on board for not-yet-invented weapons and electronics. It wasn&rsquo;t crammed with gear, like the B-1 and B-2 that followed it, that make modifications complicated and costly. Its bones&mdash;the aluminum airframe&mdash;were rugged and built to last.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Old B-52 hands were delighted at the second revived B-52&rsquo;s return to the 307th Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana. \u00ab\u00a0Nothing like an old BUFF to put the fear of god into the enemy,\u00a0\u00bb one posted on the unit&rsquo;s  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/307thBombWing\/\">Facebook page<\/a>  (BUFF is the bomber&rsquo;s polite nickname among those who fly and maintain it, meaning Big Ugly Fat Fellow). \u00ab\u00a0Really loved that bird,\u00a0\u00bb added another. \u00ab\u00a0Happy to see them still in the air keeping us safe.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>While the B-52&rsquo;s latest re-enlistment says a lot about the durability and moxie of this Boeing behemoth, it also speaks volumes about the hazards of building bespoke gold-plated bombers. In fact, the two bombers built after the B-52&mdash;the B-1 and B-2&mdash;are going to be sent to the boneyard well before the B-52 finishes its tour of duty. The Air Force decided in 2018 to retire the two newest ones,&mdash;<a href=\"https:\/\/nationalinterest.org\/blog\/buzz\/b-52-bomber-will-see-80-years-service-57797\">the 62 B-1s and 20 B-2s<\/a>  remaining in active service&mdash;in the 2030s, nearly a decade earlier than planned. At the same time, it decided to extend the B-52&rsquo;s life and keep them flying beyond 90 years, even though they&rsquo;re at least  <a href=\"http:\/\/airforcemag.com\/MagazineArchive\/Pages\/2019\/January%25202019\/Re-Engining-the-B-52.aspx\">22 years older<\/a> than the B-1s, and 30 years older than the B-2s.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>The Air Force built both the B-1, between 1984 and 1988, and B-2, between 1987 and 2000, with supposed cutting-edge technologies that didn&rsquo;t age well (and they wer  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pogo.org\/report\/2001\/08\/is-air-force-spending-itself-into-unilateral-disarmament\/#heading-2\">hyped<\/a>, even when new). The 100 B-1s boast a swept-wing design. Spreading those wings allows it to take off heavy with weapons and fuel by generating extra lift. When it&rsquo;s making a bombing run, it sweeps its wings back, allowing it to scream low and fast toward its target. But that design is  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/150\/147048.pdf\">tough to maintain<\/a>. It also can be  <a href=\"http:\/\/swampland.time.com\/2014\/01\/06\/the-21st-centurys-for-want-of-a-nail\/\">dangerous<\/a>, as changing a plane&rsquo;s wingspan from 137 to 79 feet in midflight poses unique challenges. Plus, the B-1&rsquo;s primary reason for being&mdash;nuclear strikes on the Soviet Union&mdash;disappeared along with the Soviet Union nearly 30 years ago. Since then, per arms-control pacts with Russia, gear that the B-1 needs to carry and launch atomic weapons has been  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.military.com\/daily-news\/2017\/07\/12\/start-lanced-the-b-1s-nukes-but-bomber-will-still-get-new-bombs.html\">stripped from the aircraft<\/a>, eliminating its nuclear deterrence capability against atomic-club wanna-bes like Iran and North Korea.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>The B-2&rsquo;s radar-eluding design proved <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1991\/09\/14\/us\/key-senate-backer-of-stealth-bomber-sees-it-in-jeopardy.html\">less<\/a> effective than  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.baltimoresun.com\/news\/bs-xpm-1991-10-15-1991288039-story.html\">advertised<\/a>, and the maintenance it demanded made it too expensive even for the Pentagon. A B-2 gets a $60 million  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cleveland.com\/nation\/2010\/06\/b-2_stealth_bombers_require_60.html\">year-long overhaul<\/a>  every seven years, and has to be housed in a climate-controlled hangar for the other six. While the Air Force wanted 132 of the bat-winged planes, it  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1997\/08\/23\/world\/the-2-billion-stealth-bomber-can-t-go-out-in-the-rain.html\">had to settle for 21<\/a>, at more than $2 billion apiece.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Each of these bombers was like a finely machined box wrench, designed for turning nuts&mdash;but only nuts of a single size. In contrast, the B-52 is more like the adjustable wrench down in your basement: cheap and flexible enough to get most jobs done pretty well. But doing things simply is a lost art at the Pentagon, which is seeking $104.3 billion for research next year, more than $10 million an hour, 24\/7.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>The B-52 tapped to return to the fleet in May, dubbed \u00ab\u00a0Wise Guy,\u00a0\u00bb is to replace a B-52 destroyed in a  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stripes.com\/news\/pacific\/air-force-mechanical-failures-led-to-b-52-aborted-takeoff-fire-in-2016-guam-incident-1.465157\">fiery takeoff accident<\/a>  on Guam in 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/fronterasdesk.org\/content\/948256\/b-52-bomber-removed-tucson-boneyard-return-service\">Built in the early 1960s<\/a>, Wise Guy had been enjoying its golden years sitting in the warm Arizona sun since leaving its frigid North Dakota base in 2008. The  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shreveporttimes.com\/story\/news\/local\/2015\/02\/17\/mothballed-gains-new-lease-life\/23554065\/\">first<\/a>  B-52 that was tapped to return to service in 2015&mdash;\u00a0\u00bbGhost Rider\u00a0\u00bb&mdash;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforcetimes.com\/news\/pentagon-congress\/2015\/02\/19\/b-52h-resurrected-from-the-boneyard-to-re-enter-service\/\">replaced<\/a>  a B-52 lost in an electrical fire during routine maintenance in 2014. The return of Ghost Rider to active duty in 2015, and of Wise Guy in May, restores the B-52 fleet to 76 aircraft, the  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedrive.com\/the-war-zone\/28015\/a-b-52h-nicknamed-wise-guy-becomes-the-second-to-ever-come-back-from-the-bone-yard\">ceiling negotiated<\/a>  with Russia.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>It isn&rsquo;t easy to bring a gargantuan war machine that has been sitting in the desert for a decade, after spending 17,000 hours in the air, back from the dead. Take Wise Guy, for instance. \u00ab\u00a0The jet had cracks in the rear landing gear and was missing two engines,\u00a0\u00bb Master Sgt. Steven Sorge, an Air Force mechanic who helped revive Wise Guy, said in an  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.af.mil\/News\/Article-Display\/Article\/1849940\/wise-guy-back-in-the-sky\/\">Air Force release<\/a>. \u00ab\u00a0It also needed all its fuels cells and hoses replaced, as well as its tires.\u00a0\u00bb While it took only four months of work to get the plane airborne, making it mission-ready will take 550 people two more years of work and cost $30 million, the Air Force  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.af.mil\/News\/Article-Display\/Article\/1849940\/wise-guy-back-in-the-sky\/\">estimates<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>B-52s had a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2016\/04\/gods-green-earth-b-52-still-service\/\">major role<\/a>  during the Cold War, where they sat on alert around the clock for eight years straight. They also played bit parts in the U.S. wars in Vietnam, Serbia, and post-9\/11 Afghanistan and Iraq (as well as playing a  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Sfpe28mv9n0\">key supporting role<\/a>  in the finale of <em>Dr. Strangelove<\/em>, Stanley Kubrick&rsquo;s 1964 classic Cold War film). At least one Air Force B-52 aviator has seen his son and grandson  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.barksdale.af.mil\/News\/Features\/Display\/Article\/322379\/barksdale-pilot-continues-family-tradition\/\">fly aboard B-52s<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>If you want good news about a bomber, it&rsquo;s tough to top the BUFF. The Air Force  <a href=\"http:\/\/www.airforcemag.com\/Features\/Pages\/2018\/February%25202018\/USAF-to-Retire-B-1-B-2-in-Early-2030s-as-B-21-Comes-On-Line.aspx\">reported last year<\/a>  that it would cost $38.5 billion to keep the newer B-1s and B-2s flying until 2050, but only $22 billion to keep roughly the same number of the much older B-52s airborne. Further, the Air Force projected that $22 billion investment will include new engines that will yield $10 billion in fuel and maintenance savings.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><em>Air Force Magazine  <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.airforcemag.com\/Features\/Pages\/2018\/February%2525252525202018\/USAF-to-Retire-B-1-B-2-in-Early-2030s-as-B-21-Comes-On-Line.aspx\">detailed<\/a>  the math: the simpler B-52 is able to fly more than the newer bombers, which suffer from what the service calls the \u00ab\u00a0vanishing vendor syndrome\u00a0\u00bb because contractors no longer produce the sophisticated parts the B-1 and B-2 need. B-52s are ready to fly all missions 60 percent of the time, compared to 40 percent for the B-1s and 35 percent for the B-2s. The B-52 costs about $70,000 per hour to fly, half that of the B-2.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>As the B-1s and B-2s are sent out to pasture, the Air Force wants to buy at least 100 B-21 Raider bombers to replace them. The service&rsquo;s projected price tag of $55 billion&mdash;$550 million apiece&mdash;is as <a href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/3691337\/pentagon-budget\/\">squishy<\/a>  as the Air Force claim of a  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/archive\/politics\/1988\/11\/23\/air-force-unveils-the-b2-its-radar-evading-stealth-bomber\/a15a85b0-7599-4dce-9163-ed5d8532419b\/?utm_term=.104e0b247577\">$500 million price tag<\/a> on the B-2  when it first rolled off the assembly line in California in 1988.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>And the secrecy surrounding the B-21 mirrors that of the B-2 when it was being built. The Air Force has  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/ideas\/2018\/05\/B-21-stealth-bomber-stealthy-price-tag\/148372\/\">refused<\/a>  to say how much it is paying Northrop Grumman under a 2015 contract to develop the B-21. The Government Accountability Office noted  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/700\/698933.pdf\">last<\/a>  month that its own assessment of how much major weapons cost \u00ab\u00a0importantly &hellip; excluded classified programs, such as the Air Force&rsquo;s new B-21 Raider program.\u00a0\u00bb (Here&rsquo;s a tip based on 40 years of reporting on Pentagon spending: cost overruns tend to stay secret, while word of staying within budget generally becomes public).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Of course, in a world where Amazon is exploring delivering goods to your doorstep by drone, the need for a manned penetrating bomber becomes increasingly hard to justify. A bomber drone could fly into harm&rsquo;s way without risking the life of the crew. Likewise, long-range nuclear-tipped missiles have enable the B-52 to be a vital part of the nation&rsquo;s deterrence force without sending its five-member crew deep into enemy air defenses. There&rsquo;s no reason new bombers&mdash;or retooled older ones, for that matter&mdash;couldn&rsquo;t do the same thing at a far lower cost than the B-21.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Besides, those two \u00ab\u00a0new\u00a0\u00bb B-52 bombers recently returned to flight come from a big family. There are  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedrive.com\/the-war-zone\/28015\/a-b-52h-nicknamed-wise-guy-becomes-the-second-to-ever-come-back-from-the-bone-yard\">lots more<\/a>, five miles south of Tucson, waiting in the wings.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>Mark Thompson<\/h4><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B-52 : Lazare nous \u00e9claire Pour cette fois et \u00e0 propos du B-52, il ne sera pas question des torrents de bombes que cet aimable mastodonte est capable de d\u00e9verser. Il faut lire le texte ci-dessous en ayant \u00e0 l&rsquo;esprit celui que nous mettions en ligne le 5 septembre, sur Boeing et la catastrophique aventure&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[19335,19195,17503,3233,13916,3192,15506,3228,2651,5319,19333,19334,4268,2907],"class_list":["post-78839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ouverture-libre","tag-1952-1962","tag-737max","tag-b-1","tag-b-2","tag-b-21","tag-boeing","tag-centenaire","tag-crise","tag-du","tag-pogo","tag-raider","tag-stratofortress","tag-technologisme","tag-tu-95"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78839"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78839\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.dedefensa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}